What IS ENSI/SENSI?
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LESSONS

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LESSONS 

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LESSONS
 

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LESSONS
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  WHAT IS ENSIWEB?
This is a collection of classroom lessons to help high school biology teachers more effectively teach basic concepts in the areas of evolution and the nature of science. They were developed and tested during nine years of summer institutes by biology teachers from across the nation.

SITE INTEGRITY is maintained through the oversight by the three co-directors of ENSI:
Dr. Jean Beard (Biology Ed.)
Dr. Craig E. Nelson (Biology)
Dr. Martin Nickels (Anthropology)
and continuous feedback from the many ENSI and SENSI teachers, professors and other users of this site. Check the People section for photos and bios of these people.

 THANK YOU
We are especially grateful to theNational Science Foundation for funding these institutes over the years and for extending that funding to the development and maintenance of this web site (NSF/TPE: 88-555-60 and 90-555-85 to Indiana University, and 91-552-59 to San Jose State University). We are also grateful to Indiana University for allowing us the use of their web server to make this material freely available to teachers.
  YOUR CHANCE TO RATE US We are now linked to "BioScience Links", an excellent resource to many Biology-related web sites. They like their users to rate the many sites which they carry, so we ask you to please RATE this ENSI/SENSI site, from 1-10 (10 being the best). I suspect this means how useful the material is to you, its accuracy, etc., and perhaps the ease of navigation, downloading, etc. Thank you.

 NEWS, CHANGES, ADDITIONS

 2 October 2008
CALIFORNIA SCIENCE TEACHERS NOTICE

CSTA CONFERENCE and LEONARDO EXHIBITION
October 30-November 2
San Jose, California

 5 September 2008
3rd Annual National High School
Essay Contest
"IN DARWIN'S FOOTSTEPS"

in Honor of Charles Darwin's 200th Birthday
and the 150th Anniversary of The Origin of Species
Sponsored by the Alliance for Science
First Place Student Wins $300
This is a 1000 word essay about a modern-day scientist
or group of scientists whose work reflects the quality and
character of Charles Darwin and his life's work.
Essay Deadline is Feb. 12, 2009 (Darwin's Birthday)
Click HERE for Rules, Suggestions and more information
Click HERE for a Flyer/Poster for Your Classroom

 25 July 2008
FOUR-WINGED DINOSAURS
A New NOVA program on the
origin of birds and bird flight
The Tentative Nature of Science, and
How Phylogenetic Trees are Made

Excellent program, showing how new evidence and analytical techniques can bring about changes in the interpretation of data. Two major views of the origin of bird flight are presented, along with recent studies and fossils that shed light on the issue. This online site provides viewing of all 6 parts ("chapters") of the program, so that one or more can be shown to your students, with discussion in between. If you develop a worksheet with questions for students to answer (in class or at home) during viewing, please share.

How the different views (and new evidence) affects the construction of phylogenetic trees would be an excellent sequence to show during your unit on classification or evolution. See Chapters 2 and 6 for these clips.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/microraptor/program.html

Our ORIGAMI BIRDS (by ENSI teacher Karin Westerling) might be an interesting lesson to use in conjunction with watching this video.

 7 July 2008
Geological-Age Criticism: Two Responses
And a Few Good Lessons

If a student ever challenges you with criticisms of the
reliability or validity of geological age-dating methods,
take a look at these two articles, and suggested lessons.

ALSO...
For those who would like to do the VARVE DATING lab,
and would like to use pictures of varves instead of real varve billets,
check out the lesson. See the links as item #7 under RESOURCES.

 26 June 2008
Revisions: Science IS - Science is NOT
and Science Knowledge Survey

PDF versions and Overhead Outlines now available

Virtual Age-Dating portal updated

24 May 2008
Evolution Symposium 2008 Lectures Online
http://www.rockefeller.edu/evolution
Rockefeller University - May 1-2, 2008
18 lectures freely available online.

A chance to upgrade your knowledge in several related areas of evolution research, and to provide examples of legitimate cutting edge scientific controversies in these fields.
The lectures explore the current status of research into the origins of life, earliest life, evolutionary processes and paradigms, human evolution, and possible re-thinking of systematics and the tree of life (see W. Ford Doolittle's lecture).
(click on video camera to see each lecture)

 5 May 2008
YOUR INNER FISH
by Neil Shubin
Great Summer Read
Co-discoverer of the "fish with wrists" fossil Tiktaalik in Canada, 2006, Shubin traces many of our human traits and problems back to their origins, many of them inside our cells and found in the bacteria of today. This paleontologist also teaches anatomy, and recounts how knowledge of the features of existing fossils from around the time that vertebrates moved onto land led to his predictions for where he might find better evidence of that transition. Shubin shares many examples of how both science and evolution work.

Very readable, certainly for high school students, and even middle school students. Teachers will find many observations and stories to share.

For extended review, along with teaching suggestins, click here.

 28 April 2008
A Review of
PHYLOGENIES & TREE-THINKING
David Baum and Susan Offner
The American Biology Teacher, April 2008, pp. 222-229

Excellent article, with useful tips for presenting phylogeny concepts and interpreting cladograms. Click Here for the full review, with links to related lessons on the ENSI site.

 21 April 2008
PATTERNS IN TIME
New lesson, different than most that may look similar.
This one helps students to gradually build a realistic sense of deep, geological time from familiar linear analogs. Students also discover when the earliest fossils of each major vertebrate class first appeared, over several 100s of millions of years, and gain a sense of their gradual changes over time.
Especially suitable for middle school Life Science.
NOT CLASSROOM TESTED YET.
If you do this lesson, please give
constructive feedback to the webmaster.

 19 April 2008
EXPELLED --- EXPOSED!
As you may be aware, the Ben-Stein-narrated feature
Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed
premiers this weekend (April 18, 2008).
Some of you may get questions about the film from students.
But not to worry... NCSE brings you... Expelled Exposed.

Welcome to Expelled Exposed - a detailed look at the Ben Stein movie Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed. We'll show you why this movie is not a documentary at all, but anti-science propaganda aimed at creating the appearance of controversy where there is none.

To learn why the claims made in Expelled are false, find out The Truth behind the Fiction. For information on the producers and their actions, go Behind the Scenes. To learn more about evolution and intelligent design, or to see what other people thought of Expelled, view our links to other online Resources. http://www.expelledexposed.com/

Click here for a more detailed press release, along with some suggestions and cautions.

 10 April 2008
CLADISTICTS IS A ZIP...BAGGY
New Version for Middle School
By Karin Westerling

Scroll down to Extensions & Variations section

 1 April 2008
WHALE PHYLOGENY
Added to the "Symphony" of Whale Evolution lessons is a new
Provisional Phylogeny of Whales and Ungulates
Based on the latest fossil and DNA evidence,
a chronology shows the timing for the first appearnce of the
groups of interest, and their likely ancestral paths.
With the kind permission of Hans Thewissen, we have also added a
photo of the hind limb buds in a dolphin embryo.

 29 March 2008
ORIGAMI BIRDS
Karin Westerling's popular simulation of natural selection
was adapted to a Middle School version (by Karin) some time ago.
A sharper pdf file of that version is available here now, along with some further tips and suggestions by Karin.
In addition, another version was developed by Wisconsin teacher Thomas Wanamaker, and further modifed a bit by Indiana teacher Kathy Hallett, and their version is now available here.
Take a peek, and take your pick, or make your own version!

 NEW (3 March 2008)
Science Kit version of
Becoming Whales AND
Whale Ankles and DNA (combined).

If you use this material every year (thank you, very much!), you might want to take a look at the new Science Kit version. It includes the Whale Ankles and DNA segments, along with a very nice class set of (10) pictorial laminated timelines and sets of very sharp whale fossil strips (similar to the ones on the ENSI site, but smaller and laminated for frequent re-use). Go to http://sciencekit.com/product.asp?pn=IG0019348
The kit is described there, along with item number and price:
WW0175086 Evolution of Whales Kit $65.99
If you do order the kit, contact the Webmaster. There were a few minor errors and some other changes that should be included, and if they're not, I'd like to have them sent to you.

3 March 2008
 SCIENCE, EVOLUTION, AND CREATIONISM
Review by Larry Flammer
New Book by the National Academy of Sciences
and the Institute of Medicine (2008):
This is the third and much improved edition of the NAS's Science & Creationism. It is far more comprehensive, yet brief enough to use as a classroom supplement. It clearly presents and explains the essential features of the nature of science, evolution, creationism in all its variations, and their critical interactions. Highlights include a discussion of evolution as fact and theory, and an example of an industrial application of natural selection. There are excellent explanations of how molecular biology repeatedly confirms evolution.

CLICK HERE for extended review, teaching tips, and purchasing information.

 3 March 2008
TEACH EVOLUTION MORE EFFECTIVELY
If you are looking for practical ideas that will help you to teach evolution,
take a look at these two articles.
They were published last year and offer specific suggestions for
teaching evolution more effectively.
The first one was by ENSI Co-Directors, Craig E. Nelson, with his article published in the special edition of the McGill Journal of Education, Spring 2007. See http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/teach.evo.nelson.html

The other, by Jennifer Robbins and Pamela Roy, was published in The American Biology Teacher for October 2007. How would you like to see your students increase their accurate explanations of evolution from 6% before the unit, to 92% afterwards? Likewise, wouldn't it feel good if the number of your students accepting evolution as a viable explanation of diversity went from 59% before your course to 92% afterwards? These are the kinds of results obtained from a closely monitored approach to teaching evolution. See more details at http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/effective evol.tchng.html

 17 January 2008
NEW HHMI DVD: Evolution 2
Now available (free), featuring a most engaging lecture by scientist and biology textbok author Ken Miller. He effectively discusses "intelligent design" and other religious concerns related to evolution and science. Lots of material that could be useful to share in your classroom.

 22 December 2007
WHALE EVOLUTION NEWS
"Like a little deer": New Pre-Whale Fossil
Informative article and interactive worksheet
to add to "Becoming Whales" and/or
"Whale Ankles and DNA"

 Judgment Day Follow-Up
Some suggestions and Questions for the Classroom

31 October 2007 
"Teaching Evolution" - Special Edition of the
McGill Journal of Education (vol. 42, no.2) is
freely available online.
This is a collection of excellent and timely articles that
every biology teacher should read.
Click HERE to see excerpts, a summary of the articles,
a table of contents,and how to access the articles online

 30 October 2007
Don't miss the new NOVA production:
Judgment Day: Intelligent Design
on Trial

to air 13 November, PBS 8:00 PM
Documents the widely publicized Dover v Kitzmiller Trial in
Pennsylvania two years ago.
LOOK FOR: clips of the expert testimony showing the
strong evidence for evolution
LOOK FOR: New Activity for the Classroom (from PBS), AND
LOOK FOR: New Related ENSI Lesson with PowerPoint:
Mystery of the Matching Marks, OR
the Search for the Tell-Tale Telomere

 26 September 2007
Every Biology Teacher Should Read This Book
by Sean Carroll:
The Making of the Fittest ­
DNA and the Ultimate Forensic Record of Evolution (2006)
If you want to know why, read this brief review...

ALSO...
Teaching Meaningful Metrics
with Dramatic Demonstrations

Suggestions and Scaffolding Worksheets

 19 September 2007
TEACH THE EVOLUTION OF BIOENERGETICS
Using students role-playing interactive approach to
Teach the essentials of
Fermentation, Photosynthesis, and Respiration.
Doing so in that sequence demonstrates the logic behind the
Likely sequence followed in the evolution of those processes.
Diagrams for interactive fill-in, with keys, are provided for reinforcement.
Show the practical applications, how cellular respiration relates to
Weight gain, dieting, exercise, cramps, muscle fatigue and warming up.

 22 August 2007
WHALE ANKLES & DNA - REVISED
Thanks to comments and suggestions,
many improvements have been made
to this popular lesson. Try it, you'll like it!

TIME MACHINE - Additions
ADDED: Powers of 10 links,
Invitation to beta-test New Time Scale lesson

PRIMATE CLASSIFICATION
Demo of cardboard boxes within boxes

NEW ONLINE COURSE: TEACHING EVOLUTION
Led by NCSE's Ed. Project Director Louise Mead
UPDATE YOUR KNOWLEDGE AND TEACHING STRATEGIES
Sept. 17 - Dec. 7

 30 June 2007
EVOLUTION in the NEW YORK TIMES
Check out this suite of excellent articles
published this week in the New York Times.
Most notable is a very useful 6' video clip about
Evo-Devo by Sean Carroll, something you can show to your students
to give them a real sense of how Evo-Devo
is shedding new light on evolution.
Also, Be sure to read Carl Zimmer's article on
recent studies of real-time evolution in bacteria, and
Jonh Noble Wilford's article on how the human family tree
has become a bush with many branches,
and showing how morphology and molecular studies have merged.

THE DE-RIVING FORCE OF CLADOGENESIS
Article by Andrew J. Petto, Revised
This article, posted earlier, and first appearing in the
NCSE Reports of the NCSE, has been revised and expanded,
providing an excellent explanation of
cladogenesis, and the criteria for builiding cladograms

 15 May 2007
Applying Craniometry to Digital Photos of Hominid Skulls
Nice variation and extension of our popular "Skulls" lab
See the the online article from The American Biology Teacher
by John C. Robertson
CLICK HERE for 5 page PDF file of the article

ALSO - EXPLORE THESE NEW RESOURCES:
Evolution Education Institute

Biology Interactions and Animations
Teach Evolution and Make It Relevant

20 April 2007 
NEW LESSON:
WHALE ANKLES AND DNA

FOLLOWUP to "BECOMING WHALES" Lesson
Take a look at this; uses new data that students analyze, revealing the closest living relative of whales.

29 March 2007 
THE EVOLUTION REVOLUTION - Newseek
· The New Science of Human Evolution
If you missed the excellent article in Newsweek (19 March 2007),
you can download it (5 pages, without illustrations) at:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17542627/site/newsweek/
The article, (cover story: "Beyond Stones & Bones"} by Sharon Begley, does a very nice job of bringing the reader up-to-date on the current status of human evolution, with recent input from molecular, neuroscience and other studies. Good teaching resource.
The illustrations are helpful, so try to get the magazine issue.
The new science of the brain and DNA is rewriting
the history of human origins
.

 16 February 2007
TEACHING TIPS
TEACH FOR UNDERSTANDING
A variety of new teaching tips added to our collection

 9 February 2007
Evolution & Environment:
Activities for the Classroom

Just Released! This CD contains a set of engaging activities that align with the 2005 Evolution Symposium organized by BSCS, AIBS, and NABT, which brought together leading experts and provided science teachers with a general review of the philosophical issues surrounding the teaching of evolution and a broad update on current evolutionary science content related to the environment.

This CD contains a compilation of six major sections and 12 complete classroom activities, including copymasters. Evolution and the Environment: Activities for the Classroom 2005 brings to life the intimate relationship between evolution and the environment.

ALSO, see Evolution Science & Society: Activities for the Clasroom 2004

For a look at the contents of these two sources, click here!
If you try any of these activities, and they work well in your classes, let us know here.

 3 February 2007
NEW CURRICULUM FOR TEACHING EVOLUTION
IN LIFE SCIENCE

A useful strategy being effectively used in 7th grade Life Science
Especially useful where opposition to evolution is expected.
Uses many of the ENSI lessons, adapted for middle school students.
We have added this curriculum and details of the evolution unit used in this program to serve the growing number of middle school science teachers wanting to include a solid introduction to evolution. Take a look at it, and TRY IT!

 13 January 2007
NEWS ITEMS FOR THE NEW YEAR!

DARWIN DAY APPROACHES: 11 February 2007
Start this new tradition in your school/district/community

FLOCK OF DODOS:
See this delightful film at special places around the country

EVOLUTION SUNDAY RETURNS: 11 February 2007
Support the growing positive dialog about evolution in your local church

CLICK HERE FOR DETAILS OF THESE ANNOUNCEMENTS

 11 November 2006
Bring an Anthropologist
to Your Classroom!
The Leakey Foundation Schools Program brings world-renowned scientists from around the globe and into your classroom to lecture on the latest research in human origins. This FREE nation-wide program was designed to expand the resources available to assist science educators with the effective teaching of human evolution.
Click here for more information with application from the
Leakey Foundation.

2 November 2006
 Teaching Macroevolution and Evo-Devo

New materials available for teaching macroevolution and new evolution-development advances: Click Here.
Macroevolution: Evolution above the Species Level. Materials from the special all day symposium at NABT in October, 2006.
Bringing Evo-Devo to the Classroom. A PowerPoint lecture by Dr. James Platt
A FIN is a LIMB is a WING. Evo-Devo Article in the November 2006 National Geographic
Additional Evo-Devo Resources. Science articles, HHMI-Evolution DVD, Sean Carroll, etc.

 5 October 2006
Teaching Evolution & the Nature of Science
New Site Added to Our Resources
Loaded with multimedia materials from 11 notable speakers at a symposium presented by the New York Academy of Sciences. April, 2006. Topics are presented in 3 categories (accessible in video, slides, and/or audio):
The Nature of Science and the Evidence for Evolution
Pedagogy: A View from the Trenches
Meeting the Challengers: Reconciling Evolution and Morality

 5 October 2006
Misconceptions Resource

Every biology teacher should read the essay by Keith B. Miller on "Countering Public Misconceptions About the Nature of Evolutionary Science." This 15-page article can be found at http://www.gpc.edu/~jaliff/GAJSci63-3.pdf. The article is on pdf pages 35-49.
It is one of a collection of essays by the presenters at a symposium on "Teaching Evolution and the Challenge of Intelligent Design" at the 66th annual meeting of the Southeastern Society of Biologists, held at the University of Alabama in April, 2005. They were published in the Georgia Journal of Science, vol.63, #3, 2005. Other articles include "The Alleged Fallacies of Evolutionary Theory," "Why ID is More Interesting than Old-Fashioned Creationism," and "Inside Creationism's Trojan Horse: A Closer Look at ID."

 16 September 2006
Chromosome Fusion Lesson
Three Search protocols have been modified considerably, mainly due to upgrades in the online DNA databases that are used.
Also, to teachers coming to the CSTA convention in San Francisco in October, be sure to attend my workshop where we will do this lesson, along with our Chromosome Connection 2 lesson.
The session will be on Saturday, 21 Oct., room 312.

 12 July 2006
A FEW ADDITIONS - REVISIONS
Evolution Unmuddled:
(
Evolution: as Fact and as Theory)
Evolution Survey Quiz (revised version)
Evolution: What it's NOT (and IS) (revised version)
Evolution Teaching Surveys, Standards, & Misconceptions
A Chromosome Fusion Extension: Fair Tests & MILEs
Our Collection of Bioinformatics Lessons: an Overview

1 June 2006
EVO-DEVO:
A New, Exciting Topic for Biology Teachers!

Evolutionary Developmental Biology: This cutting-edge area of biological research is enjoying much attention, and providing dramatic, visual confirmation of evolution. More importantly, the work is bringing clear, compelling evidence for macroevolution. Every knowledgeable biology teacher who recognizes the reality of evolution will want to share this exciting new material with students. Vivid teaching ideas and materials are being developed, and I would encourage you to seek them out and use them in your classes. Don't wait for this to appear in textbooks.
Click here for more information on Evo-Devo in... the NABT Convention in Albuquerque, ABT Guest Editorial, Summer Reading, Whale Evolution, and other resources.

12 May 2006
ANOTHER CHROMOSOME COMPARISON LESSON 
CHROMOSOME CONNECTION 2
Comparison of Human and Ape Chromosomes
by Larry Flammer
Improved from his earlier version on the Becoming Human site

Students are taken on a chromosome comparison "adventure", in which the banding patterns are compared on the chromosomes of humans and apes. Degrees of similarities, and some causes of their differences are explored. Inferences about common origins based on those similarities (like forensic bullet marks) are also examined in a compelling way.

26 April 2006 
AN INVITATION:
Teach the Evolution of Our Immune System

 22 April 2006
TERRIFIC TEACHING TIPS
New feature added to our Teaching Units section
First article offers lots of good suggestions for Engaging students

EXCELLENT EVOLUTION RESOURCE
HHMI LECTURE SERIES
Their Evolution Series (Dec. 2005) is reviewed here...
Available FREE, and added to our Resources section.
Lots of useful graphic material: animations, video clips.

 FOSSILS IN THE NEWS:
9 April 2006
"Walking-Fish" and H. erectus - H. sapiens transitionals?
With discussion of significance of the "Walking Fish" fossil: why it's so important.

20 April 2006
Oldest snake fossil found in Patagonia, 90 million years old. First snake with a sacrum and two small rear legs; most primitive snake fossil ever found; apparently lived on land.

23 March 2006 
The Evolution Solution:
Teaching Evolution Without Conflict

Observing life seems to contradict traditional ideas and raises tantalizing questions. Show how evolution answers those questions and provides unity throughout your course.

Abstract: A strategy for teaching high school biology that opens with an intensive nature-of-science unit followed by question-raising topics, leading directly to evolution as a solution and a unifying theme. This special sequence-using specially designed student-centered lessons-is compelling and non-threatening for students.

Article by ENSI webmaster Larry Flammer in the March issue of the NABT Journal, new online version. Ideal for new teachers still searching for an effective approach to teaching interactive biology with strong nature-of-science and evolution themes throughout. Classroom tested over many years. Direct links to many ENSI lessons and resources in context.

 30 March 2006
NEW TAXONOMY for APES AND HUMANS

Molecular and genetic studies have made it increasingly clear that apes are biologically much closer to humans than their traditional taxonomy would indicate (if classified by the same criteria used for other species). As a result, a taxonomy that reflects that relationship much more accurately has been adopted. The main changes: the family Hominidae ("hominids") now includes the African apes along with humans, and all humans (including all their extinct bipedal predecessors and cousins) are now placed in the subfamily Homininae ("hominins"). Every effort is being made to reflect those changes in all the material (lessons and articles) on this site. This includes a number of modifications to our Chronology Lab, where the hominin fossil record is plotted on a chronological time scale, clearly showing the bush-like nature of our "family tree." We have also made major changes to our Primate Classification "boxes-in-boxes" lesson. If you find any item overlooked, please let us know. Click here for more details.

7 March 2006 
CRITICAL THINKING
by Howard Gabennesch
in the Skeptical Inquirer magazine, March/April 2006, pp. 36-41
Available on newsstands now
What IS it? What is it NOT? What are the benefits? Why is it important?
Dr. Gabennesch presents a working definition: " the use of rational skills, skeptical worldviews, and values to get as close as possible to the truth." He points out that, according to the NSF, "science education is not producing high levels of scientific literacy in the population.[and] there appears to be only a weak relationship between science knowledge and disbelief in various forms of nonsense."
THE CHALLENGE
Read more
to find out how you can (and why you should) bring more effective critical thinking into your classroom, and for pdf copy of the article, courtesy of the author.

 10 February 2006
NEW LAETOLI "TOPOGRAPHIC" TRACKWAY
Available to use with the "Footsteps in Time" lesson
How to create a full scale trackway
PLUS: Deeper Inquiry and Analysis of those tracks with
"The Laetoli Puzzle"

14 January 2006 
NEW POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ADDED:
CHROMOSOME FUSION? Introduction
This lesson is a natural extension of the Chromosome Comparison lesson (or its PPP), and makes the most compelling visual case for our common ancestry with chimpanzees. Done as an inquiry approach, and the lesson provides easy directions for using a couple of online DNA databases as well.
For scripts (and how to get the PPPs) for this and earlier PPPs, CLICK HERE

2 November 2005
Evolution and the ID Wars
Special Issue of the Skeptical Inquirer ­ The Magazine for Science and Reason
Vol. 29(6) November/December 2005

This is a most informative and useful issue with excellent teaching ideas. Check your newsstands, get a copy, and read it! Below are some abstracts for the main articles, but you need to read the articles to see how you could apply their contents to your teaching.

CAPSULES (Click here for more details on 3-page PDF):
Mark Perakh shows how Behe's "irreducible complexity" argument (key support for "intelligent design") is not only erroneous, but also becomes an argument against "intelligent design."
David Morrison suggests that we should avoid using the T word in "theory of evolution. He also points out other ways to "level the playing field," so that creationist are not put on the defensive, show why it's so important for everyone to understand evolution, and might be more willing to at least hear what you have to say about evolution (?)
Jason Rosenhouse uses the Cambrian "explosion" to expose an example of how creationists purposely quote scientists out of context to convey negative ideas about evolution.
Sean B. Carroll explains how we can use the new field of Evo Devo to ignite enthusiasm with visible evidence of how evolution happens. Lots of good ideas for making evolution the central theme of your course.
 

 1 SEPTEMBER 2005
NEW ARTICLE ADDED
Design Isn't Science
by Craig Nelson
ENSI Co-Director reviews some of the main reasons why biology classes should not teach Intelligent Design, and adds one seldom heard, but critical for all teachers to know.

 14 AUGUST 2005
NEW LESSON ADDED
CHROMOSOME FUSION?
By Larry Flammer
A logical extension of our Chromosome Comparison lesson,
testing the hypothesis that our chromosome #2 resulted from the fusion
of two shorter chromosomes found in all apes. A great application of
DNA knowledge, using online DNA databases.

This is a beta version, looking for teachers to
try in their classes.

 18 July 2005
NEW LESSON ADDED
A CRIME AGAINST PLANTS
By Michael Kimmel, ENSI '91
A Botanical Crime Scene Investigation:
Exploring how we can know about
events of the past

 4 June 2005
Summer Reading for Science Teachers:
Dealing With Science Misconceptions
SEE: 15 MYTHS ABOUT THE NATURE OF SCIENCE*
SEE: 5 MAJOR MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT EVOLUTION
SEE: HOW TO HELP STUDENTS REPLACE MISCONCEPTIONS

This latest issue of the California Journal of Science Education is a Must-Read. It can be shocking for a teacher to realize that many of the science concepts diligently taught are simply not accepted by many of their students, mainly because of the many misconceptions they have acquired in their young lives. They may "learn" the material presented in class, and even pass the tests, but misconceptions are very common, and very hard to replace. Unfortunately, many of these misconceptions persist in textbooks, and even you, as a science teacher, may find that you have some of these misconceptions.

READ THIS BOOK - - - REVISE YOUR COURSE
*
CLICK HERE for more details and how to get this book

24 May 2005 
MAJOR REVISIONS in
MOLECULAR SEQUENCES & PRIMATE EVOLUTION
Using Amino Acid Sequences of beta Hemoglobin
Much more student and teacher friendly
Thanks to feedback from teachers and students
(See Attributions for details)

Most of the changes will be found in the PDF files
Accessed from the Main Lesson page

 16 May 2005
NEW SHARP, HI RESOLUTION MASTERS ON SITE
For the Following Lessons:

The Checks Lab
-
(3 sets of checks; scroll down)

A Step in Speciation
-
(new colored Salamander sheet and Calif. Grid)

A Peek at the Past
-
(Caminalcules: 2 sheets; scroll to bottom)

Nuts & Bolts: Is Classification Arbitrary?
-
(Primate Morphology Terms)

Chromosome Comparison:
- high resolution page of all chromosomes of 4 hominoids

These new pages are 300 dpi and around 1 MB each, so we recommend DSL or other high speed internet access for reasonable download time. They are about as sharp as you would get with mailed-to-you hardcopy of our masters.


21 April 2005
NATURE OF SCIENCE APPLICATION OF THE
CHECKS LAB TO ANY SCIENCE

Article by Laura Henriques
CSU Long Beach Science Education
in the CSTA Newsletter:
California Classroom Science, March 2005

 Theoretically Speaking 

This article makes a strong case for using lessons that provide experience with a critical yet seldom addressed process of science: Historical Science, in contrast to the "The" Scientific Method, the process used in experimental science, and usually the only process of science presented in science classes. Historical Science is equally valid, and is the basis for many studies in many fields of science, including paleontology, geology, astronomy, evolution, and forensic science.

 12 March 2005
Should be "Required Reading"
for all Biology Teachers:
Why so many people fail to recognize the reality of evolution, and
Why the peppered moth remains a strong "icon" of evolution.
Read the two articles in the latest issue (March/April 2005) of
The Skeptical Inquirer

3 Februrary 2005 
"Testing Darwin": Scientists at Michigan State
"Prove" Evolution Works, by Carl Zimmer
Discover Magazine, February 2005
A fascinating article in Zimmer's usual very readable style.
Digital organisms that develop through random mutations and
natural selection are helping scientists
answer some of the biggest qestions of evolution.
They also pose a mystery of their own:
Have scientists created a simulation so realistic that it
qualifies as a new form of life?

And another interesting article: "Earth Without People":
What if humans suddenly went extinct?

16 October 2004 
CSTA CONVENTION FOLLOW-UP NOTES
For all science teachers who recently attended the three
ENSI sessions by Larry Flammer
At the CSTA Convention in San Jose, CA
CLICK HERE FOR:

OFFERS: ENSI Listserve, Beta Testing, PowerPoint Presentations, Laetoli Trackways,
"Trickery", Additional References, TV Announcement,
Resource Source Books for Illustrations,
Useful Links, and the Five E's

 14 August 2004
PERCEPTION IS NOT ALWAYS REALITY
OR ... WHY is a T-ILLUSION?

This new interactive lesson is designed to combine the intrigue of opitcal illusions with the processes of science, so students begin to recognize the many natural illusions around us and how science works to expose them.

 16 May 2004
Discover Magazine, June 2004 issue: Good Stuff!

What Came Before DNA? Scientists may soon reveal how life began on Earth, by creating a primordial organism in the lab. By Carl Zimmer
Pages 34-41. Reviews our current knowledge and proposals about the process of life's origins on Earth, and discusses current efforts to replicate the process in the laboratory.

Useless Body Parts. By Jocelyn Selim in the same issue, pages 42-45. A brief listing and discussion of about 20 of the many vestigial and atavistic structures in our body, along with data about how many (or few) in our population have some of these structures, and what their original functions may have been. This content would be a useful addition to our "Blocks & Screws: Contrivances" lesson.

Other items of note in this issue include:
Page 15: "In 1619 Lucilio Vanini was burned at the stake for proposing that humans evolved from apes." (From the Discover Science Almanac, page 397). Do you sometimes get the feeling that our society might be slipping back in that direction?

Page 17: "How closely related are people to each other? And how closely does our genome match up with those of other primates?" Brief response by Jonathan Marks at University of North Carolina.

These and other articles are FREE online to Discover Magazine subscribers (convenient for classroom use). Just go to <http://www.discover.com/restricted-access/>, click next to "Already a magazine subscriber?", and sign up.

5 May 2004
"DATE A ROCK" Lesson Revised:
Using beans instead of macaroni, new overheads,
other changes, clarifications, suggestions

"BECOMING WHALES" Lesson: addition: "Teaching Outline"
A suggested sequence following the 5 Es:
Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaboarate and Evaluate

 9 April 2004
HUMAN EVOLUTION: INTERPRETING the EVIDENCE
An Approach to Teaching Human Evolution in the Classroom
By Jeremy DeSilva, Boston Museum of Science and the
Dept. of Anthropology at Boston Univ.
Published in the American Biology Teacher, April 2004, page 257.
AVAILABLE ONLINE

Don't miss this excellent article. It would make a very useful extension or alternative to our Skulls Lab and our Chronology Lab. It includes three compatible full-page diagrams (suitable for overheads and handouts) of provisional family trees, according to Tim White (a "lumper"), Ian Tattersall (a "splitter"), and Meave Leakey (a "no-lines splitter"), all based on 29 selected fossil hominins (out of the thousands found), identified by their accession numbers and currently assigned names.

The article is built around getting students to see and distinguish the "facts" (discovered and dated fossils), from their legitimately differing interpretations by experts in the field. This is an excellent example for engaging students in seeing and discussing important elements of science at work in the dynamic field of paleoanthropology, including uncertainty and scientific controversy, and the reasons behind these issues. Lots of good teaching ideas.

 5 April 2004
EVOLUTION ENCODED
Scientific American, April 2004, page 84.
Here's a new resource to put in your DNA - Evolution bag. New discoveries about the rules governing how genes encode proteins have revealed nature's sophisticated "programming" for protecting life from catastrophic errors while accelerating evolution. By minimizing the effects of any mutation, the code maximizes the likelihood that a gene mutation will improve the resulting protein.

 1 January 2004
Additions and Changes to the Varve Dating Lesson
Photo of the Green River shale as seen in Desolation Canyon
Scroll to the end of the lesson
Links to geological details and
confirmation of the validity of the varves.
Update of sources and costs for blocks of the shale and billets.
See "Other Resources", items 4-6, in the Varves Lesson.

This lesson is an excellent hands-on way for students to discover that our earth is very very old, a way which complements the very accurate radiometric methods
with a combination of tactile experience and a little easy math.

 4 November 2003
DON'T MISS the latest SCIENCE TEACHER
NSTA Journal
The November 2003 Issue is rich with articles of interest to ENSI users
all dealing with evolution / nature of science topics

page 24: A Teaching Guide to Evolution
page 32: Evolution and Intelligent Design
page 36: The Nature of Science and Perceptual Frameworks
page 8: Editor's Corner: "Turn on" the Evolution Light Bulb
page 12: Commentary: The Risk of Intelligent Design

 4 November 2003
NEW! Hominoid Skull Photos Available
These are full scale, color photos of 7 hominoids, 4 views each, providing opportunity for more observation and measurement. Each can be downloaded and printed at nearly full scale, then enlarged to make classroom sets at full scale.
Full size skull replicas are far superior for use in our "SKULLS LAB", but cost may preclude their use, These photos should provide a reasonable substitute.

 HOW TO BE THE BEST TEACHER YOU CAN BE!
DO YOU WANT YOUR STUDENTS TO FULLY UNDERSTAND
THE REAL NATURE OF SCIENCE AND EVOLUTION?
Now is the Time... Prepare for September!
Revise your plans to choreograph your first day and your first week. This is CRITICAL, it sets the tone for the entire year, and there is only one first day!

There IS a book designed specifically to help you with this, no matter what you teach or what level you teach. It will be your most valued set of tools. This widely acclaimed book is "The First Days of School", by Harry and Rosemary Wong. It's practical, it's easy to use,
IT WORKS!!!
BE THE BEST YOU CAN BE
Click here for details

 "A New Look at Human Evolution"
A Scientific American Special Issue
See the May 2003 issue, page 93, for the Order Form
The Special Issue is not included in the regular subscriptions
It costs $10.95 a copy, and may be available from http://www.sciam.com
Or send check and order to Dept. EVOL, 415 Madison Ave., NY, NY 10017-1111

 RECOMMENDED READING FOR BIOLOGY TEACHERS
Two Books Added to our Resource Book List:

EVOLUTION: The Triumph of an Idea
Another "page-turner" by Carl Zimmer
Loaded with fascinating new insights and studies to share with your students.

FINDING DARWIN'S GOD
Ken Milller
, in his typically eloquent, concise, and clear manner,
offers a most useful perspective to help deal with the inner conflicts so often encounterd by students, and their teachers.

In both these books, as with the others in our list, both evolution and the nature of science are explored and explained in ways teachers can emulate. All of these books can be reviewed and ordered (from NCSE) in our RESOURCES section

 VISIT THE
WHALE EVOLUTION KIOSK

This is a new, very clever interactive online experience for your students, created by Lara Sox-Harris at San Jose State University, who has kindly consented to this link. When you click on the title (Whale Evolution Kiosk) above, it will take you into a self-guided tutorial on the necessary elements of whale anatomy, fossils, DNA, and classification. These will all provide the mutually reinforcing evidence for whale evolution, all in delightful animations and interactions. Note the Kiosk Worksheet developed and kindly offered by G. Bromiley.

ALSO, CHECK OUR "BECOMING WHALES" LESSON
Recently revised
, with numerous additions, new resources and recent discoveries.
NOTE ESPECIALLY:
Major revisions of "Discovery: Whales in Transition" (the Narrative)
Major changes in the Preparation, Procedure, and Extensions & Variations
New: Introductory Outline: "Whales as Mammals" for the overhead (pdf file)
Additions to Articles and Web Links, including pic. of hind limb bud on whale embryo




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