NOTES
Links to summaries of key issues for each topic
VISUALS
Links to images employed in lectures on a topic-by-topic basis
TEXT
Link to chapter outlines at online learning center at McGraw Hill.
NOTES
Links to summaries of key issues for each topic
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The Physical Properties of Water
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Notes on Topic:
The notes represent summaries of key issues
for each topic
They emphasize the terminology used to describe
the various phenomena.
| 1. Properties of Water: |
| Learning Objectives: |
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Understanding of the influences of water structure on its properties
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Energetics of water, and variations associated with changes in state
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| Thermal and physical properties: |
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Many significant and unusual aspects
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Several properties represent extremes:
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heat capacity
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latent heats of fusion and evaporation
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thermal expansion
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surface tension
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solute power
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transparency to light
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| The water molecule: |
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H2O
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oxygen negative charge, hydrogens positive charge
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105° angle, polar, asymmetric.
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Forms of chemical bonds:
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covalent:
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sharing of electrons between atoms (H-O bonds)
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strong bonds.
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hydrogen (H-) bonds:
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water's critical feature (weak)
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other bonds:
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ionic: transfer of electrons between atoms
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Van der Waals: weak electrostatic attraction
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| Changes of state: |
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Gases:
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molecules in random motion
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constrained by temperature and pressure.
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Solids:
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defined size, shape and structure
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ordered, fixed internal arrangement of atoms.
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Liquids:
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intermediate properties, fluid.
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Water occurs in all 3 states on Earth, but not on other planets
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Department
of Geological Sciences,
1001
E. Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-1403
Phone:
(812) 855-5582 Last updated: 7 October 2000
Comments:
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Copyright
2000, The Trustees of Indiana University
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