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Learning & Evolution  (A501)


©
William D. Timberlake
Professor of Psychology


PROSPECTUS   .  READINGS   .  CLASS SCHEDULE  

C O U R S E   D E S C R I P T I O N

Content
The purpose of this course is to provide students with basic exposure to the literature on evolution and learning and an appreciation of important conceptual issues. The majority of the material will be drawn from work with nonhuman animals, but similarities to issues arising in human learning will be noted.


We will consider four broad types of Analyses:
  1. Protoevolutionary Analyses: trends and grades in learningabilities, allometric relations, universal laws, common processes, model systems.
  2. Phylogenetic Analyses: homologies, comparative series, animal models, theory of mind.
  3. Ecological Analyses: convergence, divergence, costs and benefits of learning as a function of selection pressures.
  4. Microevolutionary Analyses: the relation of learning, genetics, and development, sex differences, niche construction, speciation, and the modeling of learning and evolution.
Conceptually we will consider several ways in which evolution and learning may relate, including the extent to which:
  1. Learning abilities can be ordered empirically or conceptually to allow species to be ordered in capacities.
  2. Learning and evolution can be modeled in a single framework.
  3. Learning is a general process cutting across domains versus a divergent adaptive process evolved for specific domains.
  4. Learning mechanisms are conserved across phyla
  5. Learning interferes with evolution
  6. A cost / benefit analysis applies to learning capabilities
  7. Human learning can be traced to ecological requirements

Student Responsibilities
Students will be expected to do weekly readings, suggest and answer questions, and participate in class and online discussion and debate. They will also be responsible for one or two small presentations on specific readings -- complete with handouts, and they will produce a final paper of 15 to 25 pages. Reading material (selected from both books and journals) will be handed out in class or provided at several locations on campus (e.g., Psychology, Biology, CISAB; perhaps reserve at the main library). Several optional books are on order for Plotkin's Darwin Machines and the Nature of Knowledge and Allmans' Evolving Brains. It will help the student to be familiar with either learning or evolution, or both.

Visiting Guest Lecturers:  We are fortunate that the following scholars have agreed to visit campus and meet with the class:
Alan C. Kamil
(School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln), 28 January 2000

Colin Allen
(Department of Philosophy, Texas A & M University), 11 February 2000

Tim Tully
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), 25 February 2000

Michael S. Fanselow
(Department of Psychology, UCLA), 24 March 2000

Leda Cosmides
(Department of Psychology, University of California-Santa Barbara), 28 April 2000


R E A D I N G S

OPTIONAL SUGGESTED READING:
John Morgan Allman. 1999. Evolving Brains (Scientific American Library Series, No. 68) (W H Freeman & Co.)

Henry Plotkin. 1997. Darwin Machines and the Nature of Knowledge (Harvard University Press)


READINGS to PREPARE for VISITORS:
ALAN KAMIL
Balda, R.P., A.C. Kamil, & P.A. Bednekoff. 1997. Predicting cognitive capacitiesfrom natural histories: Examples from four Corvid species. Current Ornithology 13:33-66.

Kamil, A.C., & J.E. Jones. 1997. Clark's nutcrackers learn geometric relationships among landmarks. Nature 390:276-279.

Olson, D.J., A.C. Kamil, R.P. Balda, & P.J. Nims. 1995. Performance of four seed-caching Corvid species in operant tests of nonspatial and spatial memory. Journal of Comparative Psychology 109:173-181.

Bond, A.B., & A.C. Kamil. 1998. Apostatic selection by blue jays produces balanced polymorphism in virtual prey. Nature 395: 594-596.

Pietrewicz, A.T., & A.C. Kamil. 1979. Search image formation in the blue jay(Cyanocitta cristata). Science 204:1332-1333.


COLIN ALLEN
Allen, C. 1999. Animal concepts revisited: The use of self-monitoring as an empirical approach. Erkenntnis 51(1):33-40.

Allen, C., and M.D. Hauser. 1991. Concept attribution in non-human animals: Theoretical and methodological problems in ascribing complex mental processes. Philosophy of Science 58:221-240. (ABSTRACT)

Allen, C. and M. Bekoff. 1997. Towards an interdisciplinary science of cognitive ethology: Synthesizing field, laboratory, and armchair approaches. Chapter 9 in: C. Allen & Marc Bekoff. Species of mind: The philosophy and biology of cognitive ethology (MIT Press).

Allen, C. 1998. Assessing animal cognition: ethological and philosophical perspectives. Journal of Animal Science 76:42-47.


TIM TULLY
Pinto S., Quintana D.G., Smith P., Mihalek R.M., Hou Z.-H., Boynton S., Jones C.J., Hendricks M., Velinzon K., Wohlschlegel J.A., Autsin R.J., Lane W.S., Dutta A., and T. Tully. 1999. Iatheo encodes a subunit of the Origin Recognition Complex and disrupts neuronal proliferation and adult olfactory memory when mutant. Neuron 23: 45-54.

Rohrbough J., Pinto S., Mihalek, R.M., Tully, T. & K. Broadie. 1999. latheo, a Drosophila gene involved in learning, regulates functional synaptic plasticity. Neuron 23: 55-70.

Dubnau, J. & T.Tully. 1998. Gene discovery in Drosophila: new insights for learning and memory. Annual Review Neuroscience 21: 407-444.



MICHAEL FANSELOW
Fanselow, M.S. & J.E. LeDoux. 1999. Why we think plasticity underlying Pavlovian fear conditioning occurs in the basolateral amygdala. Neuron23:229-232.

Fendt, M. & M.S. Fanselow. 1999. The neuroanatomical and neurochemical basis of conditioned fear. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 23:743-760.

Fanselow, M.S. 1999. Learning theory and neuropsychology: Configuring their disparate elements in the hippocampus. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal & Behavior Processes 25:275-283  (ABSTRACT).

Fanselow, M.S. 1997. Species-specific defense reactions: Retrospect and prospect. In: M.E. Bouton & M.S. Fanselow (eds.), Learning, Motivation, and Cognition: The Functional Behaviorism of Robert C. Bolles. (Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association), pages 321-341.

Fanselow, M.S. 1994. Neural organization of the defensive behavior system responsible for fear. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1:429-438.


LEDA COSMIDES
-- Readings coming soon --

S P R I N G   2 0 0 0
C L A S S   S C H E D U L E


Meeting Time:  1:30-2:45 pm Monday, Wednesday & Friday
Location:  CISAB seminar room, 402 N. Park Avenue
Public Lectures: Friday at 12:15pm (with some exceptions, see below) in Glenn Black Laboratory, Room 101 (next to Mathers Museum, 9th & Fess Streets)
Plus:  Informal meetings with visiting speakers, TBA

January 10 -- Evolution and Learning: Overview
January 14 -- Evolution and Learning: Overview

January 19 -- Experimental Tests and Trends
January 21 -- Experimental Tests and Trends

January 24 -- The Selection of Intelligence
January 28 -- The Selection of Intelligence / Speaker: Alan Kamil

January 31 -- Progress vs. Principles
February 4 -- Progress vs. Principles

February 7 -- The Importance of Minds
February 11-- The Importance of Minds / Speaker: Colin Allen

February 14 -- The Emergence of Brains
February 18 -- The Emergence of Brains

February 21 -- The Genetic-Evolutionary Origins of Learning
February 25 -- The Genetic-Evolutionary Origins of Learning / Speaker: Tim Tully

February 28 -- Adaptive Specializations
March 3 -- Adaptive Specializations

March 6 -- Evolutionary Convergence
March 10 -- Evolutionary Convergence

March 13 -- SPRING BREAK
March 17 -- SPRING BREAK

March 20 -- Learning in Systems
March 24 -- Learning in Systems / Speaker: Michael Fanselow

March 27 -- Costs and Benefits: Modeling the Evolution of Learning
March 31 -- Costs and Benefits: Modeling the Evolution of Learning

April 3 -- Universal Darwinism: What's in it for Us?
April 7 -- Universal Darwinism: What's in it for Us?

April 10 -- Sex Differences in Learning
April 14 -- Sex Differences in Learning

April 17 -- Social Learning and Culture
April 21 -- Social Learning and Culture

April 24 -- Evolutionary Human Psychology
April 28 -- Evolutionary Human Psychology / Speaker: Leda Cosmides
R E L A T E D   L I N K S
CISAB Graduate Seminar Archive
Alphabetical Guest Speaker Index
CISAB Video Library
Visiting Speaker Comments
Program in Animal Behavior Course Descriptions

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