1. What would be the likely effects of the following changes on climate (explain the mechanisms involved and think about both temperature and moisture):

• a) A hotter sun;
• b) The perihelion in March;
• c) The Earth's tilted at 20;
• d) Lower sea levels;
• e) Increased cloud cover;
• f) Greater number of explosive volcanic eruptions;
• g) Large scale deforestation;
• h) Increased Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

2. Describe three methods used in the reconstruction of past climates.