San Luis Potosí, Mexico

Situated to the north of the fertile heartland, San Luis Potosí owes its existence and architectural splendor to a wealth of mineral deposits. It was founded as a Franciscan mission in 1592, but it wasn't long before the Spanish discovered rich deposits of gold and silver in the country round about and began to develop the area in earnest.

They added the name Potosí (after the fabulously rich mines inBolivia) in the expectation of rivaling the original, but though this was a thoroughly wealthy colonial town, that hope was never fully realized.

Nicknamed "The City of Gardens," San Luis Potos’ has at least one garden in each of its seven original districts. The main historical district is concentrated in the center of the city. With several streets closed to vehicular traffic, exploring the district on foot is especially easy. Start with Jardín Hidalgo, the city's most prominent plaza. If you go on a weekend, chances are you'll see live music and a great opportunity to people watch and see the spirit of the city.

San Luis Potosí is also known for its churches. Each of the seven districts has its own major church. Notice how each is a different style. This is because the city served as a regional capital during Northern expansion and was occupied by many different Christian groups.

Another interesting stop is Museo Nacional de la Máscara (National Museum of Masks). The museum houses a good collection and represents virtually all aspects of this fascinating part of Mexican culture. There are also classrooms that are used to teach mask making and other arts.

The city is the hub of a rich silver-mining and agricultural region and is a leading manufacturing and metal smelting and refining centre. It is known for its Spanish Baroque-style cathedral, the state capitol, and several churches. The Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí was founded there in 1923. It is on a major highway and railroad routes and possesses an airport. Pop. (1980) 338,000.