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A LIST OF THE FISHES OBSERVED IN THE VICINITY OF BROOKVILLE, FRANKLIN COUNTY, INDIANA.

By Barton W. Evermann.

Through the kindness of the Brookville Society of Natural History, the Museum of the Indiana University has from time to time received small collections of fishes from the streams about Brookville. Upon these collections and a series of notes, by Mr. Edgar R. Quick, upon the game fishes of the locality, the present paper is based. The notes furnished by Mr. Quick are incorporated in the list and proper credit given for the same. That the local value of the list may be increased, references are made to each species as given in Jordan's Manual of Vertebrates, and Jordan and Gilbert's Synopsis of Fishes of North America. The number in parenthesis after each species is that of Dr. Jordan's "Catalogue of the Fishes know to Inhabit the waters of North America."*

1. POLYODON SPATHULA (Walbaum). (100).

Paddle-fish; Spoon-bill Cat.
Polyodon folium, Jordan, Man. Vert., 344.
Polyodon spathula, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 83.
This strange fish made its appearance soon after the dams washed out, and is now occasionally seen. (Quick.) It is a common fish in all the large streams of the Mississippi Valley.

2. LEPIDOSTEUS OSSEUS (Linnæus). (107).

Gar Pike; Bony Gar.
Lepidosteus osseus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 342.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 91.
Common since the destruction of the dams, -- never observed before that time. As evidence that it breeds, I have taken young three or four inches in length in ponds left by summer freshets. (Quick.)

3. NOTURUS FLAVUS Rafinesque. (119).

Stone-cat.
Noturus flavus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 335.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 100.
Mr. Quick reports this species as common.
__________
* A Catalogue of the Fishes known to Inhabit the Waters of North America, north of the Tropic of Cancer, with notes on the New Species discovered in 1883 and 1884. By David Starr Jordan. Washington: Government Printing Office; 1885.

4 List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville.

4. LEPTOPS OLIVARIS (Rafinesque). (120).

Mud-cat. Local name, Mississippi Cat.
Pelodichthys olivaris. Jordan, Man. Vert., 334.
Pilodictis olivaris, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 102.
"This species which was unknown here before the dams were destroyed, has become common since that time. It has been noticed that it does not 'school' in winter as many species do, but may be seen when the water is clear, scattered about over the bottom, never more than one in a place. Its principal food seems to be the common crawfish, as every one I opened contained remains of this crustacean which is very common here at times. Its favorite bait seems to be live minnows, of which it will swallow specimens of more than half its own length. A few years ago a neighbor caught upon a trot-line a specimen of this fish which had attempted to swallow a channel cat which had been caught upon the same hook. It succeeded in getting the head of the channel cat in its mouth when it, too, was hooked. The mud-cat was but a few inches longer than the fish it tried to swallow." (Quick.)

5. AMIURUS NATALIS (Le Sueur). (127).

Yellow Cat.
Amiurus natalis, Jordan, Man. Vert., 331.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 105.
The collection of fishes received by the Indiana University from Brookville contains quite a number of specimens of this species. All were taken in the waste-way of the canal, where it is quite common.

6. ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS (Rafinesque). (134.)

Common Channel Cat.
Ichthælurus punctatus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 328.
Ictalurus punctatus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 108.
Mr. Quick reports this species as quite common and as the principal object of the local fishermen.

7. Ictiobus velifer (Rafinesque). (148).

Quillback.
Carpiodes velifer, Jordan, Man. Vert., 321.
Carpiodes cyprinus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 119.
According to Mr. Quick, this fish is very common in the streams about Brookville, where it is generally regarded as worthless as a food-fish.

8. CYCLEPTUS ELONGATUS (Le Sueur). (150).

Black Sucker; Black Horse.
Cycleptus elongatus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 320.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 121.

List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville. 5

While the dams were still in the river this was the most common sucker, but it seems to have disappeared entirely, as I have not seen a specimen for several years. (Quick.)

9. CATOSTOMUS NIGRICANS Le Sueur. (171).

Molly-hog; Hog Sucker; Stone Roller.
Hypentelium nigricans, Jordan, Man. Vert., 319.
Catostomus nigricans, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 130.
"Common, ascending creeks in spring as far as enough water can be found to cover their backs." (Quick.)

10. MOXOSTOMA MACROLEPIDOTUM (Le Sueur). (185).

Red Horse; White Sucker.
Myxostoma macrolepidota, Jordan, Man. Vert., 313.
Moxostoma macrolepidotum, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 140.
Common in the river. Breeds in May. (Quick.)

11. CAMPOSTOMA ANOMALUM (Rafinesque). (196.)

Stone-Roller; Stone-Lugger.
Campostoma anomala, Jordan, Man. Vert., 287.
Campostoma anomalum, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 149.
A common and widely distributed species, running up small brooks in the spring to spawn.

12. PIMEPHALES PROMELAS Rafinesque. (218).

Fat-head; Black-head.
Pimephales promelas, Jordan, Man. Vert., 288.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 158.
Two specimens of this species collected at Brookville are in the museum of the Indiana University.

13. PIMEPHALES NOTATUS (Rafinesque). (219).

Blunt-nosed Minnow.
Hyborhynchus notatus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 288.
Hyborhynchus superciliosus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 289.
Pimephales notatus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 159.
Pimephales superciliosus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 160.
Specimens obtained from the Yellow-Bank Level of the Canal.

14. NOTROPIS MEGALOPS (Rafinesque). (273).

Shiner; Red-fin.
Luxilus cornutus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 293.
Minnilus cornutus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 186.
Minnilus plumbeolus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 192.
Specimens from the Yellow-Bank Level of the Canal, where it is abundant.

6 List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville.

15. NOTROPIS RUBIFRONS (Cope). (310).

Rosy-faced Minnow.
Minnilus rubrifrons, Jordan, Man. Vert., 296.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 202.
Minnilus percobromus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 202.
Specimens were taken from Yellow-Bank Level of Canal. An abundant and elegant little fish.

16.HYBOPSIS KENTUCKIENSIS (Rafinesque). (328).

Horned Chub; Jerker.
Ceratichthys biguttatus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 305.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 212.
Apocope ventrucosa, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 211.
"Abundant almost everywhere; the most widely diffused of all our fresh water fishes." (Jordan.)
Specimens from the Yellow-Bank Level of Canal.

17. NOTEMIGONUS CHRYSOLEUCUS (Mitchill). (418).

Shiner; Bream.
Notemigonus chrysoleucus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 301.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 250.
Notemigonus leptosomus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 249.
Yellow-Bank Level of Canal. "New England to Minnesota and south; abundant in bayous, ponds, and weedy streams. This species is much more tenacious of life than is any other of our Cyprinoids." (Jordan.)

18. ANGUILLA ANGUILLA ROSTRATA (Le Sueur). (638).

Common Eel.
Anguilla rostrata, Jordan, Man. Vert., 338.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 361.
A few taken every season. (Quick.)

19. POMOXYS ANNULARIS Rafinesque. (842).

New Light.
Pomoxys annularis, Jordan, Man. Vert., 247.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 464.
"Common in the Canal, but seldom taken in the swiftly-running streams. Years ago this fish was taken often in the river, but it has almost disappeared since the destruction of the dams." (Quick.)

20. AMBLOPLITES RUPESTRIS (Rafinesque). (845).

Red Eye; Rock Bass; Goggle Eye.
Ambloplites rupestris, Jordan, Man. Vert., 237.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 466.

List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville. 7

Formerly very common when the channel of our river afforded its favorite retreats about sunken logs and roots, but it is but rarely taken now. (Quick.)

21. LEPOMIS CYANELLUS Rafinesque. (853).

Blue-Spotted Sun-Fish.
Apomotis cyanellus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 239.
Lepomis cyanellus, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 473.
Specimens of this common species in the collection were obtained in the Waste-Way of the Canal.

22. LEPOMIS MEGALOTIS (Rafinesque). (864).

Blue and Orange Sun-Fish; Long-eared Sun-Fish.
Xenotis megalotis, Jordan, Man. Vert., 242.
Lepomis bombifrons, Jordan, Man. Vert., 240.
Jordan & Gilbert, synopsis, 478.
Lepomis megalotis, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 477.
This species is generally abundant. There are specimens in the collection from Yellow-Bank Level and Waste-Way of Canal.

23. MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES (Lacepede). (876).

Large-mouthed Black Bass.
Micropterus pallidus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 236.
Micropterus salmoides, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 484.
While this bass is sometimes taken, according to Mr. Quick, it is not nearly so common as the next.

24. MICROPTERUS DOLOMIEI Lacepede. (877).

Small-mouthed Black Bass.
Micropterus salmoides, Jordan, Man. Vert., 236.
Micropterus dolomieu, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 485.
"Sometimes common after winters favorable for its preservation. Supposed to be swept out by the ice when large gorges occur. Nests in May or June, as the spring is early of late." (Quick.)

25. ETHEOSTOMA NIGRUM Rafinesque. (885d.)

Johnny Darter.
Boleosoma nigrum, Jordan, Man. Vert., 224.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 492.
Specimens from Little Cedar Creek four miles south of Brookville. An abundant species.

26. ETHEOSTOMA BLENNIOIDES Rafinesque. (894.)

Green-sided Darter.

8 List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville.

Diplesium blennioides, Jordan, Man. Vert., 222.

Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 497.
All the specimens received from Brookville were taken in Little Cedar Creek.

27. ETHEOSTOMA CAPRODES (Rafinesque). (899.)

Log Perch; Hog Fish.
Percina Caprodes, Jordan, Man. Vert., 219.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 499.
Two specimens from Waste-Way of Canal,

28. ETHEOSTOMA ASPRO (Cope & Jordan). (902.)

Black-sided Darter; Blenny Darter.
Alvordius aspro, Jordan, Man. Vert., 220.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 501.
A specimen from Yellow-Bank Level of Canal.

29. ETHEOSTOMA VARIATUM Kirtland. (912).

"Blind Simon."
Hadropterus tessellatus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 222.
Nanostoma tessellatum, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 511.
Since 1840, when Dr. Kirtland described this fish, it has been lost, or confounded with allied species until quite recently. In April, 1885, through the kindness of Mr. Amos W. Butler, Dr. Jordan came in possession of two specimens of which he published a description in the Proceedings of the United States National Museum for 1885, pp. 163-165. Because of the "local interest" attaching to the specimens, I am permitted to quote the article entire.
"In the Boston Journal of Natural History, 1840, pp. 274-276, Dr. Kirtland has described two species of Darters, under the names of Etheostoma variata and Etheostoma maculata. The second of these has been till lately known only from specimens in the National Museum, collected by Dr. Kirtland and Professor Baird in the original locality. Lately, on comparison of these specimens with others from Tennessee, Professor Gilbert has recognized the identity of Etheostoma maculata with the Poecilichthys sanguifluus, of Cope.
"The Ethostoma variata has been less fortunate. Kirtland himself regarded it as identical with the later-described Etheostoma coerulea of Storer, and under the name of Poecilichthys variatus, Agassiz made the latter species the type of his genus Poecilichthys. Putnam and Vaillant have correctly considered the Etheostoma variata as different from the Poecilichthys coeruleus, but they have given no explanation of the grounds of their opinion.
"In my earlier papers I have adopted Dr. Kirtland's view that the Etheostoma variata is the same as Poecilichthys coeruleus. The resemblance

List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville. 9

in color of the two seemed to support this opinion, and the discrepancies in the description and figure were supposed to be due to inaccuracies on Dr. Kirtland's part.

"In the Synopsis of the Fishes of North America, p. 503, Professor Gilbert and myself have adopted the view that Dr. Kirtland's figure and description were based on a specimen of Hadropterus peltatus, Stauffer, to which the coloration of Poecilichthys coeruleus had been ascribed.
"I have recently received two specimens of a Darter, taken in the White Water River at Brookville, Indiana, by Amos W. Butler. The larger of these, 3 1/3 inches long, an adult male, agrees very closely with Dr. Kirland's description of Etheostoma variatum, and is evidently the species which Dr. Kirtland had in mind.
"It is a species previously unknown to me (except from two discolored and ill-preserved specimens -- the types of Hadropterus tessellatus), and its rediscovery forms an important addition to our knowledge of these fishes.
"The following is the synonymy of the species, with a description of my largest specimen:
"HADROPTERUS VARIATUS.
Etheostoma variatum, Kirtland, Zool. Ohio, 1838, 168, 192; Kirtland, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist., iii, 1840, 274. (Mahoning R.)
Hadropterus variatus, Putnam, Bul. Mus. Comp. Zool. I, 1863, 4. (Name only.)
Beleosoma variatum, Vaillant, Recherches sur les Poiss., Etheostomatidæ, 1874, 84. (Locality Unknown.)
Alvordius variatus, Jordan and Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1883, 503. (In part confused with Hadropterus peltatus, Stauffer.)
Etheostoma notatum, Agassiz, MSS., 1850, fide Putnam. (No description.)
Hadropterus tessallatus, Jordan, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 7, 1877. (Allegheny R.; young specimens discolored.)
Nanostoma tessellatum, Jordan and Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1883, 511. (Dorsal spines given as "x," not xiii, by misprint.)
"Head 3 4/5 times in length (4 2/5 to base of caudal). Depth, 4 4/5 (5 1/2). D. XIII-13; A. II, 9. Scales 8-51-9. Length, 3 1/3 inches.
"Body moderately elongated, not much compressed, the back somewhat arched. Head short and thick, the snout short and blunt, and the profile above the eyes strongly decurved; profile a little depressed at the nape. Eyes large, not very close together, slightly longer than snout, 3 3/4 in head.
"Mouth small, low, subhorizontal, the lower jaw included; teeth small, subequal, bluntish, in rather broad bands; teeth on vomer. Premaxillary not protractile; maxillary reaching front of eye, 4 in head. Top

10 List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville.

of head extremely rugose, the wrinkles evident through the skin, and radiating irregularly from behind the eye. Parietal region rather broad and depressed, as in other species of Hadropterus. Preopercle entire. Opercle with a rather sharp spine. Gill membranes somewhat broadly united, but meeting at a rather acute angle.

"Head naked, except for one to three scales on the upper part of the opercle. Scales of body rather large, ctenoid. Lateral line complete. Nape covered with small scales; breast loosely scaled; belly covered with ordinary scales similar to those on the sides. No enlarged ventral plates.
"Fins all very large. Dorsal fins slightly joined; anal fin large, but lower than the soft dorsal, and somewhat shorter. Pectorals reaching front of anal. Second anal spine longer than first; both of moderate size. Longest dorsal spine 2 4/5 in head. Longest soft ray 1 1/5. Caudal subtruncate, its longest ray 1 1/2 in head. Longest ray of anal 1 3/5. Pectoral a little longer than head; ventral a little shorter.
"Color of large male specimen dusky greenish above, the head similar, the centers of the scales darker, and the whole body covered with fine dark points visible with a lens. Belly and sides of the body from anal fin forward and as high up as the level of the scapula of a bright yellow-orange. Posterior parts of the body with five verticle zones of bright orange, these about half as broad as the dark greenish interspaces; first zone opposite the interspace between the dorsals, and extending downward to the front of the anal; the last two on caudal peduncle. A vague, dusky area on base of caudal; a dusky shade across nape in front of dorsal. Head nearly plain, with some dark specks and some dashes of orange. Breast with light orange shades.
"First dorsal with a broad median band of blue-black; a paler stripe below it and above it; the base of the fin with dark interspinal spots, and the edge of the fin again blackish. Second dorsal blue-black dashed with orange toward the base; caudal blackish, rather darker at base; anal blue-black, with orange-yellow at the base; pectoral blackish, with orange cross shades; ventrals blue-black, with some edgings of orange.
"The young example is similarly marked, but has less dusky shading, the fins being mostly pale.
"These specimens were obtained in a hydraulic canal above Brookville, Indiana, by Mr. Amos W. Butler, April 25, 1885.
"INDIANA UNIVERSITY, April 29, 885."

30. ETHEOSTOMA ZONALE (Cope.) (916).

Zoned Darter.
Nanostoma zonalis, Jordan, Man. Vert., 225.
Nanostoma zonale, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 510.
A single specimen of this rather rare darter was taken at Yellow Bank, in the canal, by Mr. Amos W. Butler, April 25, 1885. It is now

List of Fishes in the Vicinity of Brookville. 11

in the museum of the Indiana University and is, if I mistake not, the second -- if not indeed the first -- specimen of this species ever taken in Indiana. In the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society for 1871, pp. 212-213, Prof. Cope mentions a specimen in the Museum of the Philadelphia Academy "from the Miami River in Indiana." This is, so far as I know, the only record from this state; and as the Miami River but barely touches Indiana at the south-east corner of the state, Prof. Cope's specimen was probably from south-western Ohio. At any rate the localities of the two specimens are not far apart, and careful search in either the White Water or Miami may add to our list other specimens of this interesting species.

31. ETHEOSTOMA FLABELLARE Rafinesque. (923).

Fan-tailed Darter.
Etheostoma flabellaris, Jordan, Man. Vert., 227.
Etheostoma flabellare, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 513.
Numerous specimens obtained from Little Cedar Creek.

32. ETHEOSTOMA COERULEUM Storer. (936).

Rainbow Darter.
Poecilichthys coeruleus, Jordan, Man. Vert., 226.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 517.
With the preceding, common in Little Cedar Creek.

33. STIZOSTEDION CANADENSE (Smith). (949).

Sand Pike; "Salmon."
Stizostethium canadense, Jordan, Man. Vert., 230.
Stizostedium canadense, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 526.
"Several were taken last fall. One is still in the collection of the Society of Natural History which answers the description of this species." (Butler.)

34. APLODINOTUS GRUNNIENS Rafinesque. (1083).

Drum; Grunter; Thunder-Pumper; Gaspergou.
Haploidonotus grunniens, Jordan, Man. Vert., 250.
Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 567.
"This fish was wholly unknown to our local anglers until within the last few years. It appeared since the destruction of the dams, and is but rarely taken even now." (Quick.)

5. COTTUS RICHARDSONI Agassiz. (1320).

Miller's Thumb; Little Star Gazer.
Potamocottus richardsonii, Jordan, Man. Vert., 254.
Uranidea richardsoni, Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 696.
A few specimens are in the collection from Little Cedar Creek.

INDIANA UNIVERSITY, February 20, 1886.

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From ERRATA at end of Bulletin 2:

Page 8, for "in" read "into." (Dr. Jordan came into possession...)
Page 9, for "Kirland" read "Kirtland."
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