The original is a mimeograph and the transcribed page format has been changed from double to single column. Corrections of typographic errors in text -- but not form of fossil names --have been added in brackets.

FORMATIONS OF
ORDOVICIAN, SILURIAN, and DEVONIAN ROCKS
in the vicinity of
HANOVER, INDIANA

Compiled by
Guy Campbell
Grant T. Wickwire

Hanover, Indiana

[date stamped] Jan. 1955

[page 1]

DESCRIPTIONS OF FORMATIONS

The following descriptions are offered to aid in the identification of the formations. The descriptions are generalized but are intended to apply more closely to conditions in the Hanover area. The strata are listed from the youngest to the oldest. The fossil lists are incomplete but they include the common and characteristic species.
The outcrop belt of these formations included in the Hanover area extends from Madison to Scottsburg and from the Ohio River, at Jeffersonville, north through Jennings County. The accompanying illustrated stratigraphic column should be consulted to learn the stratigraphic relations of the formations.

NEW ALBANY SHALE The New Albany shale is divisible into three parts. The upper New Albany is Mississippian, Kinderhookian, in age; the middle New Albany is Upper Devonian, and the lower New Albany is Middle Devonian.
The New Albany, 100 feet thick, is a black, fissile bituminous shale with interbedded layers of gray clay shale in the middle division. On weathered surfaces the color is gray. The New Albany contains from 10 to 15 gallons of oil per ton, and small amounts of radioactive fissionable particles occur throughout the formation. In the Hanover area the New Albany contains the following species:

Plants
Calixyllon newberriyi
Sporangites huronense

Brachiopods
Choneres lepidus
Leiorhynchus quadriocostatum

Pteropods
Styliolina fissurella
Tentaculites gracilostriatus

BEECHWOOD LIMESTONE (Middle Devonian Hamilton) The Beechwood is a hard, light gray, crystalline crinoidal limestone, 3 to 10 feet thick, and contains many fossils. The base of the bed is conglomeratic locally. It occurs in Clark and Jennings Counties.

Gastropods
Platyceras conicum
P. indianensis

Arthropods
Phacops rana

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Corals
Favosites turbinatus
Favosites hamiltonae
Favosites clausus
Heliophyllum halli
Odontophyllum convergens
Dendropora neglecta

Echinoderms
Megistocrinus sps.
Dolatocrinum sps.
Ancyrocrinus bulbosus

Brachiopods
Fimbrispirifer venustus
Pustulosa pustulosa
Parazyga hirsuta
Athyris spiriferoides
Ambocoelia umbonata
Pentagonia bisulcata
Tropidoleptus carimatus
Centronella impressa
Stenocisma kernahane

SWANVILLE LIMESTONE The Swanville is a hard, light gray, crystalline limestone (not crinoidal) 1 to 5 feet thick. Its lithology is similar to that of the Beechwood. It occurs in Clark, Scott, Jefferson and Jennings Counties.

Corals
Drymopora auloporidea
Dendropora osculatum
Odontophyllum convergens

Brachiopods
Tropidoleptus coronatus
Chonetes macleuri
Atrypa reticularis

SILVER CREEK HYDRAULIC LIMESTONE (Devonian Hamilton) The Silver Creek is a homogeneous, fine-grained, bluish to drab or gray, argillaceous, magnesian limestone, about 15 feet thick. It is the natural cement formerely [formerly] extensively quarried in Clark County. Fossils are abundant. The Silver Creek occurs only in Clark and Scott Counties.

Corals
None

Brachiopods
Camarotoechia congregata
Platyrachella oweni
P. eurytines
"Spirifer" varieosus
Chonetes yandellanus
Megastrophia cancava
Protoleptostrophia perplana

Arthropods
Phacops rana

Pelecynods [Pelecypods]
Paraclas lirata
P. elliptica
Modiomorpha concentrica

Gastropods
Bembexia sulcomarginata
Bellerophon leda

DEPUTY LIMESTONE (Denovian Hamilton) The Deputy is a medium hard, bluish, highly crystalline limestone that weathers to a light gray color. It contains an abundant fauna of few species and occurs in Jennings, Jefferson and Scott Counties. The Deputy is 5 feet thick.

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Corals
None

Brachiopods
Mucrospirifer mucronatus
Stropheodonata demissa
Cyrtina hamiltonensis
Pholidostrophia iowaensis

SPPEDS [SPEEDS] LIMESTONE (Denonian [Devonian] Hamilton) The Speeds is a shelly, hard, blue limestone that weathers to a gray color. It is 2 to 13 feet thick and contains a rich fauna of few species with a bone bed at the base. It is present from the Ohio River north to Jennings County.

Corals
Hadrophyllum d'orbignyi

Brachiopods
Rhipidomella vanuxemi
Schiziphoria "striatula"
Leptaena rhomboidalis
Athyris nettlerothi
Stropheodonata dimissa
Brachytyris audaculus
"Spirifer" macrus
"Spirifer" byrnesi

JEFFERSONVILLE LIMESTONE (Devonian Onondaga) The Jeffersonville is a thick-bedded, light gray, crystalline limestone in the southern part of the area and is dolomitic in the northern half. It is 30 feet thick, contains chert in the upper levels and abundant fossils. The Jeffersonville contains the classic coral reef at the Falls of the Ohio.

Corals
Heliophyllum halli
Hexagonaria prisma
Favosites turoinatus
F. limitaris
Emmonsia emmonsi
E. epidermatus
Synaptophyllum simcoense
Homalophyllum exiguum
Zaphrentis phyrgia
Blothrophyllum promissum
Alveolites sps.
Michelinia sps.

Bryozoa
Sulcoretepona gilberti
Polypora shumardi

Gastrapods [Gastropods]
Platyceras dumosum
Bellerophon patulus

Brachiopods
Paraspirifer acuminatus
Brevispirifer gregarius
Fimbrispirifer divaricatus
Meristina nasuta
Megastrophia hemispherica

Pelecypods
Turbinopsis shumardi
Glyptodesma occidentali
Conocardium cuneus

Echinoderms
Nucleocrinus verneuili

Arthropods
Phacops rana
Anchiops anchiops

Cephalapods
Gyroceras indianense

[page] 4
GENEVA dolomite (Devonian Schoharie) The Geneva is a buff to chocolate colored, massive, soft, fine-grained, saccharoidal dolomite. It changes to almost a pure sandstone, locally, in the north-eastern part of the outcrop area. The Geneva occurs from Charlestown, where it is 3 feet thick, to Shelby County, where its thickness is 50 feet. It is 3 feet thick in west Hanover. It contains few identifiable fossils.

LOUISVILLE dolomite (Silurian Niagaran) The Louisville is a thick bedded gray to tan, fine-grained dolomitic limestone with an average thickness of 30 feet. The Louisville has not been identified definitely in the vicinity of Hanover.

Corals
Arachnophyllum sps.
A. mamillare
Cladopora reticulata
Cyathophyllum radicula
Entelophyllum rugosum
Favosites favosus
F. niagarense
Halysites catenularia
Heliolites interstinctus
Omphyma verrucosa
Thecia major

Brachiopods
Pentamerus oblongus
Wilsonia saffordi

WALDRON shale (Silurian Niagara [Niagaran]) The Waldron is a gray to greenish or bluish clay shale about 10 feet thick. It is very fossiliferous locally.

Corals
Favosites occidentale
Duncanella borealis

Echinoderms
Eucalyptocrinus crassus

Gastropods
Platyceras cornutum

Brachiopods
Atrypa reticularis
Homeospira evax
Fardinia subplana
Stegerhynchus indianese
S. neglecta
Parmorthis waldronensis
Trigonorhynchia sulcata
Leptaena rhomboidalis
Eospirifer radiata
E. eudora
Anastrophia internascens
Meristina maria
Rhynochotreta cuneata americana

LAUREL dolomite (Silurian Niagaran) The Laurel is athin [a thin] to thick-bedded, gray to tan, drusy, cherty, sometimes

[page] 5
argillaceous, hard dolomite about 40 feet thick. It is the cliff rock of the Ohio River bluffs.

Cephalopods
Dawsonoceras annulatum

Anthropods [Arthropods]
Calymene niaganensis

OSGOOD shale (Silurian Niagaran) The Osgood consists of a lower, gray to tan colored limestone, 1 to 6 feet thick; a lower, soft, bluish shale, 1 to 2 feet thick; an upper, gray to tan limestone, 6 feet thick; and an upper, gray colcareous [calcareous] limestone, 11 feet thick. The formation is fossiliferous but few fossils occur in the vicinity of Hanover.

BRASSFIELD limestone (Silurian Medinan) The Brassfield is a hard, coarsely crystalline, gray to salmon-pink colored limestone, often mottled greenish by the presence of glauconite. Abundant fossils occur at different levels and at different places. The bed is 6 inches to 10 feet thick. It if [is] the cap rock at the numerous water falls in this area.

Brachiopods
Streptelasma hanoverensis
S. patenta
Stegerhynchus neglecta
Atrypa marginalis
Plectambonites transversalis
Leptaena rhomboidalis
Platystrophia reversata
P. "biforata"

Arthropods
Illaenus daytonensis
I. madisonianus
Calymene vogdesi

Corals
Streptelasma obliquus

Gastropods
Bellerophon fosciculatus
Cycloema bilix

Bryozoans
Phaenopora magna
P. bifida
Callopora magnapora

WHITEWATER limestone (Ordovician-Richnond [Richmond]) This limestone is the "Hitz bed" of early workers. It is a gray, rubbly, argillaceous limestone, 1 to 3 feet thick at Hanover and 80 feet thick in Wayne County.

Corals
Streptelasma rusticum
S. divarioatus

Gastropods
Lophospira hammeli

Ostracods
Several species

Brachippods [Brachiopods]
Stophomena sulcata
Hebertella occidentalis
Rhynchotrema dentata

Cephalopods
Diestoceras indianense

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SALUDA dolmite [dolomite] (Ordovician Richmond) The main bed of the Saluda is a massive, tan to greenish, mottled, arenaceous dolomite, varrying [varying] in appearance and composition at different levels. It grades upwards into a calcareous and argillaceous limestone. The Saluda and Whitewater are here treated as separate formations, but the present attitude of many geologists is to regard the two strata as geographical facies of a single time unit of deposition.

Favistella alveolata, Tetradium ontario, Calapoechia huronensis and Aulacera undulata are characteristic fossils.

LIBERTY formation (Ordovician Richmond) The Liberty is a thin-bedded, bluish limestone in layers 2 to 6 feet thick, with inter-bedded layers of clay shale 2 to 3 inches thick, the limestone predominating. The thickness at Hanover is 40 feet. It contains abundant fossils.

Corals
Streptelasma rusticum
Protarea vetusta

Brachipods [Brachiopods]
Platystrophia laticosta
Strophomena plnumbona
Rhynchotrema capax
Plaesiomys quadrata
Hebertella occidentalis

Bryozoans
Prasopora hospitalis
Constellaria polystomella
Rhombotrypa quadrata

Gastropods
Salpinoglossum richmondensis
Lophospira trodidophora
Cyclonema bilix
C. humerosum

Pelecypods
Modiolodon trumcatus
Byssonychia radiata
Anomalodonta gigantea

Leptaena rhomboidalis and Sowerbyella charysvellensis occur at the base of the Liberty.

WAYNESVILLE formation (Ordovician Richmond) The Waynesville is a soft, blue shal [shale] with thin layers of limestone interbedded, the shale predominating. It is 50 feet thick.

Brachipods [Brachiopods]
Leptaena rhomboidalis
Strophomena planumbona
Resserella meeki
Rafinesquina loxorhytis

Arthropods
Calymene niagarensis

Pelecypods
Anomalodonta gigantea
Modiolopsis concentrica

Gastropods
Cyclonema bilix

[page] 7
ARNHEIM formation (Ordovician Maysville) The Arnheim is a gray shale with scattered thin lenses of limestone. A nodular layer at the top is distinctive. The local thickness is 60 feet.

Rafinesquina alternata
Dirnorthis carleyi
Orthocerids

The MT. AUBURN formation occurs north of this area but is not certainly known to occur in this vicinity.

The CORRYVILLE formation (Ordovician Maysville) is a stratum of interbedded rubbly linestone [limestone] and bluish shale about 60 feet thick. The fauna is similar to that of the Bellevue.

BELLEVUE formation (Ordovician Maysville) The Bellevue is ab ut [about] 20 feet thick and is composed of rubbly limestone and shale. It contains abundant fossils.

Brachiopods
Plectorthis plicatella
Platyshrophia ponderosa
P. laticosta
P. crassa
Rafinesquina ponderosa
R. nasuta
Hebertella sinuata

Gastropods
Cyclonema bilix
Cornulites flexuosus

Brypzoans [Bryozoans]
Hallpora ramosa
Monticulipora mamulata

Arthropods
Isotellus maximus

A hard limestone know as the FAIRMOUNT occurs below the Bellevue formation in east Madison.

Stratigraphic Column