HEADING USE CODES -- STANDARDS [minutes, 4/27/90].

A. NAMES AND SUBJECTS.

1. If the 1xx heading of a new authority record is the same as the
first element in a multi-element heading used as a subject heading
in a bibliographic record, the SUBJ heading heading use code for
the new authority record should be "c".

   EXAMPLE: authority record for DOGS, when heading used in
   bibliographic record is DOGS--UNITED STATES

2. Similarly, if the 1xx heading of a new authority record is the
same as the first element in a multi-element heading used as a
name heading in a bibliographic record, the NAME heading use code
for the new authority record should be "c".

   EXAMPLE: authority record for Imaginary University, when
   heading used in bibliographic record is Imaginary University. 
   Department of the Absurd.

3. The same guidelines will be followed if the 1xx of a new
authority record is equivalent to the first several sequential
elements in a multi-element heading used in a bibliographic
record.

   EXAMPLE 1: authority record for CATS--UNITED STATES, when
   heading used in bibliographic record is CATS--UNITED STATES--
   LITTER.

   EXAMPLE 2: authority record for Grenada.  Ministry of Culture,
   when heading used in bibliographic record is Grenada.  Ministry
   of Culture.  Department of Music.

4. If the 1xx heading in a new authority record is the same as
some imbedded part of a subject heading used in the bibliographic
file, the SUBJ heading use code should be "a."  The same is true
for authority records matching imbedded elements of a name heading
in a bibliographic record.

   EXAMPLE 1: authority record for Borneo, when bibliographic
   heading is CATS--Borneo.

   EXAMPLE 2: authority record for Princeton (N.J.), when
   bibliographic heading is Institute for Advanced Study
   (Princeton, N.J.).

Note: This policy does not mandate the creation of authority
records for such imbedded elements, but only specifies the heading
use codes for those records if they are created.

5. Occasionally, a cataloging agency may add a record to the IO
authority file which matches neither bibliographic file headings
or bibliographic file heading building blocks, but whose
references will help a patron get to a heading used in the
bibliographic file.  In such cases, the NAME heading use code "c"
must be used if the references are needed for a name index search. 
The SUBJ heading use code "c" must be used if the references are
needed for a subject index search.


B. SERIES

1. If a series title or name/title heading is traced for any IO
processing unit, the SER heading use code in the authority file
for the series should be "c".

2. If a series title or name/title is used in a 4xx field of one
or more IO bibliographic records, but is not traced for any
processing unit, the SER heading use code in the authority record
for the series should be "a".

3. Authority records may also be made for series-like phrases that
appear only in 5xx bibliographic record fields.  In that case, the
SER heading use code in the authority record for the series-like
phrase should be "b".

4. If a series title or name/title combination has been used in
some IO bibliographic record as a 1xx or 7xx entry as well as a
4xx or 8xx, the NAME heading use code for the series authority
record should be "c".  Since by definition a title or name/title
could be used as a 1xx or 7xx, the NAME heading use code for the
series authority record should be "a" if it is not "c".

5. If a series title or name/title combination has been used in
some IO bibliographic record as a 6xx entry as well as a 4xx or
8xx, its SUBJ use code should be "c".  Since by definition a title
or name/title could be used as a 6xx, the SUBJ heading use code
for the series authority record should be "a" if it is not "c".

6. The NAME and SUBJ use codes for series-like phrases should
always be "b".