*Pages: 175-189 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900001' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity: Methodological and conceptual challenges from family psychology Authors: Kitzmann, KM; Beech, BM Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 175-189; JUN 2006 Abstract: Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity are defined by active parent involvement in treatment. In the current review the authors examine 31 family-based interventions with published outcome data and distinguish 4 categories of family-based interventions: (a) Target a narrow range of parent behaviors related to eating/exercise and assess change only in terms of child eating, exercise, or weight; (b) target a similarly narrow range of parent behaviors but nevertheless assess program-related changes in general parenting skills or family functioning; (c) target a broad range of parent behaviors related to general parenting and family functioning but do not assess program-related changes in these areas; and (d) target general parenting or family functioning and also assess program-related changes in these areas. The authors highlight methodological and conceptual challenges facing researchers in this area and argue for an even broader family focus in family-based interve! ntions for pediatric obesity. ======================================================================== *Pages: 190-198 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900002' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: A genetically informed study of the association between harsh punishment and offspring behavioral problems Authors: Lynch, SK; Turkheimer, E; D'Onofrio, BM; Mendle, J; Emery, RE; Slutske, WS; Martin, NG Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 190-198; JUN 2006 Abstract: Conclusions about the effects of harsh parenting on children have been limited by research designs that cannot control for genetic or shared environmental confounds. The present study used a sample of children of twins and a hierarchical linear modeling statistical approach to analyze the consequences of varying levels of punishment while controlling for many confounding influences. The sample of 887 twin pairs and 2,554 children came from the Australian Twin Registry. Although corporal punishment per se did not have significant associations with negative childhood outcomes, harsher forms of physical punishment did appear to have specific and significant effects. The observed association between harsh physical punishment and negative outcomes in children survived a relatively rigorous test of its causal status, thereby increasing the authors' conviction that harsh physical punishment is a serious risk factor for children. ======================================================================== *Pages: 199-208 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900003' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Marital conflict, maternal and paternal parenting, and child adjustment: A test of mediation and moderation Authors: Kaczynski, KJ; Lindahl, KM; Malik, NM; Laurenceau, JP Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 199-208; JUN 2006 Abstract: Parenting was examined as a mediator of associations between marital and child adjustment, and parent gender was examined as a moderator of associations among marital, parental, and child functioning in 226 families with a school-age child (146 boys). Parenting fully mediated associations between marital conflict and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Parent gender did not moderate associations when data from the full sample or families with girls only were evaluated. Parent gender did moderate associations when families with boys were evaluated, with the association between marital conflict and parenting stronger for fathers than mothers. A trend suggested fathers' parenting may be more strongly related to internalizing behavior and mothers' parenting may be more strongly related to externalizing behavior in boys. ======================================================================== *Pages: 209-216 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900004' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Examining the validity of self-report assessments of family functioning: A question of the level of analysis Authors: Cook, WL; Kenny, DA Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 209-216; JUN 2006 Abstract: Family assessment instruments attempt to measure family functioning at a particular level of the family system: individual, dyad, or family as a whole. This article introduces the concept of level validity, that is, whether an assessment measures family functioning at the level that it was intended to measure. The authors argue that whenever higher-order factors (e.g., dyadic subsystems) are the target of a measure, these factors should explain variance that is independent of their lower-order constituents (e.g., individual-level characteristics). Previously published data targeting dyadic subsystems within the family were reanalyzed using a model that controls for lower-order effects. Dyad-level factors rarely emerged independent of individual-level factors and, when they did, they did not replicate across samples. The results suggest that level validity should be tested and reported along with other aspects of construct validity before accepting such measures as valid asse! ssments of family functioning. ======================================================================== *Pages: 217-226 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900005' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Aggressive marital conflict, maternal harsh punishment, and child aggressive-disruptive behavior: Evidence for direct and mediated relations Authors: Erath, SA; Bierman, KL; Conduct Problems Prevention Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 217-226; JUN 2006 Abstract: Direct associations between aggressive marital conflict and child aggressive-disruptive behavior at home and school were explored in this cross-sectional study of 360 kindergarten children. In addition, mediated pathways linking aggressive marital conflict to maternal harsh punishment to child aggressive-disruptive behavior were examined. Moderation analyses explored how the overall frequency of marital disagreement might buffer or exacerbate the impact of a agressive marital conflict on maternal harsh punishment and child aggressive-disruptive behavior. Hierarchical regressions revealed direct pathways linking aggressive marital conflict to child aggressive-disruptive behavior at home and school and a partially mediated pathway linking aggressive marital conflict to child aggressive-disruptive behavior at home. Further analyses revealed that rates of marital disagreement moderated the association between aggressive marital conflict and child aggressive-disruptive behavior a! t home, with an attenuated association at high rates of marital disagreement as compared with low rates of marital disagreement. ======================================================================== *Pages: 227-238 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900006' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Hostility and withdrawal in marital conflict: Effects on parental emotional unavailability and inconsistent discipline Authors: Sturge-Apple, ML; Davies, PT; Cummings, EM Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 227-238; JUN 2006 Abstract: This study examined the nature of pathways between marital hostility and withdrawal, parental disagreements about child rearing issues, and subsequent changes in parental emotional unavailability and inconsistent discipline in a sample of 225 mothers, fathers, and 6-year-old children. Results of autoregressive, structural equation models indicated that marital withdrawal and hostility were associated with increases in parental emotional unavailability over the one-year period, whereas marital hostility and withdrawal did not predict changes in parental inconsistency in discipline. Additional findings supported the role of child rearing disagreements as an intervening or mediating mechanism in links between specific types of marital conflict and parenting practices. Implications for clinicians and therapists working with maritally distressed parents and families are discussed. ======================================================================== *Pages: 239-246 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900007' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Blame, shame, and contamination: The impact of mental illness and drug dependence stigma on family members Authors: Corrigan, PW; Watson, AC; Miller, FE Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 239-246; JUN 2006 Abstract: Family members of relatives with mental illness or drug dependence or both report that they are frequently harmed by public stigma. No population-based survey, however, has assessed how members of the general public actually view family members. Hence, the authors examined ways that family role and psychiatric disorder influence family stigma. A national sample (N = 968) was recruited for this study. A vignette design describing a person with a health condition and a family member was used. Family stigma related to mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, is not highly endorsed. Family stigma related to drug dependence, however, is worse than for other health conditions, with family members being blamed for both the onset and offset of a relative's disorder and likely to be socially shunned. ======================================================================== *Pages: 247-255 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900008' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Maternal sensitivity to infant distress and nondistress as predictors of infant-mother attachment security Authors: McElwain, NL; Booth-LaForce, C Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 247-255; JUN 2006 Abstract: In considering Bowlby's (1969/1982) conceptualization of attachment as a "biobehavioral safety-regulating system," Goldberg, Grusec, & Jenkins (1999) proposed that maternal sensitivity to infant distress may be particularly relevant to the formation of a secure attachment relationship. Data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care provided a unique opportunity to address this question as maternal sensitivity to nondistress and distress were each coded for 357 mother-infant dyads at 6 months and 230 dyads at 15 months from videotaped observations of mother-infant play sessions. Attachment security was assessed in the Strange Situation at 15 months. Logistic regression analyses indicated that greater sensitivity to distress (but not greater sensitivity to nondistress) at 6 months was associated with increased odds of being classified as secure. The 15-month sensitivity measures were nonsignificant predictors of security. The results support the notion that the protective funct! ion of the child-mother attachment relationship may be especially salient during early infancy. ======================================================================== *Pages: 256-265 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900009' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Communication during marital conflict: When couples alter their appraisal, they change their behavior Authors: Sanford, K Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 256-265; JUN 2006 Abstract: In a sample of 77 recently married couples, within-person variance in cognitive appraisal was expected to predict corresponding within-person variance in communication behavior during conflict. Three types of appraisal were considered: expectancies of partner understanding, expectancies of partner negative communication, and attributions. Couples were observed in 4 different conflict conversations, completed during 2 assessment sessions, and appraisals were assessed prior to each conversation. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze within-person effects. Changes from one conversation to the next in all 3 types of appraisal predicted corresponding within-person change in communication, and many effects were larger for wives than for husbands. Results were strongest for expectancies of partner understanding. Expectancies predicted change in one's own behavior after controlling for the accuracy of the expectancy. ======================================================================== *Pages: 266-274 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900010' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Effects of attachment-based interventions on maternal sensitivity and infant attachment: Differential susceptibility of highly reactive infants Authors: Velderman, MK; Bakermans-Kranenburg, MJ; Juffer, F; van IJzendoorn, MH Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 266-274; JUN 2006 Abstract: The current intervention study aimed at breaking the potential intergenerational cycle of insecure attachment. The authors randomly assigned 81 first-time mothers to one of two intervention groups or a control group. The interventions involved four home visits when the infants were between 7 and 10 months old. The first intervention, VIPP, consisted of video-feedback and brochures to enhance sensitive parenting. The second intervention, VIPP-R, involved additional discussions of mothers' childhood attachment experiences in relation to their current caregiving. After the intervention, intervention mothers were more sensitive than control mothers. The interventions were most effective for highly reactive children and their mothers, providing experimental support for Belsky's (1997) hypothesis of highly reactive versus less reactive children's evolutionary based differential susceptibility to rearing influences. ======================================================================== *Pages: 275-283 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900011' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Coparenting, mother-infant interaction, and infant-parent attachment relationships in two-parent families Authors: Caldera, YM; Lindsey, EW Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 275-283; JUN 2006 Abstract: Coparenting behavior and the quality of mothers' parenting behavior were examined in relation to parents' perceptions of their child's attachment in 60 two-parent families with I I to 15-month-old infants (30 boys and 30 girls). Parent-child attachment was assessed using the Attachment Q-Sort. Competitive coparenting was associated with mothers' and fathers' perception of a less secure parent-child attachment relationship, whereas maternal responsiveness was associated with mothers' perception of a more secure mother-child attachment relationship. Families with mothers who were more restrictive and those with parents who were more competitive were less likely to have mothers and fathers with similar perceptions of the quality of parent-child attachment relationships. Findings support the proposal that different levels of family functioning affect the quality of parent-child relationships. ======================================================================== *Pages: 284-291 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900012' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Longitudinal associations of marital quality and marital dissolution with the incidence of DSM-III-R disorders Authors: Overbeek, G; Vollebergh, W; de Graaf, R; Scholte, R; de Kemp, R; Engels, R Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 284-291; JUN 2006 Abstract: This study examined whether getting divorced was related to the subsequent incidence of DSM-III-R disorders across a 2-year period, controlling for the perceived quality of the marriage prior to the divorce. Data were used from 4,796 adults aged 18 to 64, who had participated in 3 waves (i.e., 1996, 1997, and 1999) of a large-scale epidemiological study conducted in The Netherlands. Results showed that getting divorced was prospectively linked to both the total and new case incidence of alcohol abuse and dysthymia, as well as to the new case incidence of social phobia. Adults who had divorced, however, were not more likely to develop a mental disorder if they had reported low levels of marital quality prior to the divorce. Thus, the marital discord underlying a divorce rather than divorce itself appeared to determine the onset of clinically relevant mental health problems. ======================================================================== *Pages: 292-301 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900013' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and grades for children who have and have not experienced their parents' divorce or separation Authors: Lansford, JE; Malone, PS; Castellino, DR; Dodge, KA; Pettit, GS; Bates, JE Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 292-301; JUN 2006 Abstract: This study examined whether the occurrence and timing of parental separation or divorce was related to trajectories of academic grades and mother- and teacher-reported internalizing and externalizing problems. The authors used hierarchical linear models to estimate trajectories for children who did and did not experience their parents' divorce or separation in kindergarten through 10th grade (N = 194). A novel approach to analyzing the timing of divorce/separation was adopted, and trajectories were estimated from I year prior to the divorce/separation to 3 years after the event. Results suggest that early parental divorce/separation is more negatively related to trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems than is later divorce/separation, whereas later divorce/separation is more negatively related to grades. One implication of these findings is that children may benefit most from interventions focused on preventing internalizing and externalizing problems, where! as adolescents may benefit most from interventions focused on promoting academic achievement. ======================================================================== *Pages: 302-310 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900014' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Effects of spousal control and support on older adults' recovery from knee surgery Authors: Fekete, EM; Stephens, MAP; Druley, JA; Greene, KA Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 302-310; JUN 2006 Abstract: The authors investigated associations between spousal control (influence) and support on the recovery outcomes for 70 men and women (mean age = 70) undergoing an increasingly common surgical treatment for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Spouses' positive (motivating) and negative (pressuring) control and spouses' emotional (understanding) and problematic (dismissing) support were examined as predictors of patients' adherence and improvement in well-being. Positive control was associated with better adherence, but only among patients whose spouses provided little problematic support. In contrast, negative control strategies tended to elicit increases in negative affect. Overall, our findings revealed that the effectiveness of spousal control depended largely on the quality of support provided by the spouse. ======================================================================== *Pages: 311-318 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900015' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Spouses' provision of health-related support and control to patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation Authors: Franks, MM; Stephens, MAP; Rook, KS; Franklin, BA; Keteyian, SJ; Artinian, NT Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 311-318; JUN 2006 Abstract: The authors examined spouses' provision of health-related support and control as predictors of health behavior and mental health among patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation (N = 94 couples). Cross-sectional analyses revealed that spouses' support was positively associated with patient health behavior. Prospective analyses of change over 6 months (N = 65 couples) revealed that spouses' support predicted increased patient mental health, whereas spouses' control predicted decreased patient health behavior and mental health. Findings suggest that spouses' efforts to facilitate patients' healthy lifestyle behaviors are associated with patients' health behavior and mental health, but not always as spouses might intend. ======================================================================== *Pages: 319-327 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900016' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Life task appraisals, spouse involvement in strategies, and daily affect among short- and long-term married couples Authors: Meegan, SP; Goedereis, EA Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 319-327; JUN 2006 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine predictors and consequences of spouses' involvement in each others' strategies for pursuing important personal goals called life tasks. Husbands and wives within 39 short- and long-term marriages described five life tasks and provided appraisals of whether each was shared with their spouse. Participants later completed 14 consecutive diary entries recording daily life task pursuit strategies, the extent of spouse involvement in each, and measures of positive and negative affect. Results indicated that interdependence in life task appraisals prospectively predicted greater spouse involvement, and greater spouse involvement was associated with more positive affect for that day. Life task appraisals may provide avenues for understanding couples' strategies for dealing with goals or stressors and how those strategies affect mood. ======================================================================== *Pages: 328-334 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900017' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Expressed emotion, adaptation, and patient survival among couples coping with chronic heart failure Authors: Benazon, NR; Foster, MD; Coyne, JC Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 328-334; JUN 2006 Abstract: Previous research (J. C. Coyne et al., 2001) that showed that marital functioning predicted mortality among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) led to an examination of whether expressed emotion (EE) captured negative marital influences on patient survival. The authors assessed EE using 5-min speech samples obtained from patients (137 men and 47 women) and their spouses. Prevalence of EE was low, and patient and spouse EE were unrelated. Spouse EE was not associated with survival, after the authors controlled for severity of illness. Among patient EE variables, high EE status predicted survival, but in the opposite direction of what was anticipated. Overall, relations between EE and self-report measures of adaptation were weak and inconsistent. Despite the strength of findings concerning EE and psychiatric outcomes, EE does not show promise in predicting adaptation to CHF, and researchers and clinicians should instead seek to identify positive marital factors that may ! promote patient survival. ======================================================================== *Pages: 335-338 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900018' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Can minimally trained observers provide valid global ratings? Authors: Lorber, MF Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 335-338; JUN 2006 Abstract: From a cost-benefit perspective, the validity of minimally trained (MT) coders' ratings was examined individually and relative to ratings by coders who had undergone "gold standard" (GS) training in the rating of maternal overreactive discipline. The ratings of MT and GS coders were strongly associated (r = .72). MT ratings were also correlated with maternal self-reported overreactive discipline (r = .39), laxness (r = .46), depressive symptoms (r = .32). and observed child misbehavior (r = .40). These correlations were of similar magnitude to correlations based on GS ratings. NIT ratings were more strongly associated with GS ratings than with child misbehavior. Thus, their ratings demonstrated convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. ======================================================================== *Pages: 339-343 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900019' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Relationships among sexual satisfactin, marital quality, and marital instability at midlife Authors: Yeh, HC; Lorenz, FO; Wickrama, KAS; Conger, RD; Elder, GH Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 339-343; JUN 2006 Abstract: Sexual satisfaction, marital quality, and marital instability have been studied over the life course of couples in many previous Studies, but less in relation to each other. On the basis of the longitudinal data from 283 married couples, the authors used autoregressive models in this study to examine the causal sequences among these 3 constructs for husbands and wives separately. Results of cross-lagged models, for both husbands and wives, provided support for the causal sequences that proceed from sexual satisfaction to marital quality, from sexual satisfaction to marital instability, and from marital quality to marital instability. Initially higher levels of sexual satisfaction resulted in an increase in marital quality, which in turn led to a decrease in marital instability over time. Effects of sexual satisfaction on marital instability appear to have been mediated through marital quality. ======================================================================== *Pages: 344-347 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900020' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Precipitants of partner aggression Authors: O'Leary, SG; Slep, AMS Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 344-347; JUN 2006 Abstract: Self-reported precipitants of psychological and physical partner aggression were examined in a community sample of 453 cohabiting couples with 3- to 7-year-old children. Partners precipitated most partner aggression. Men, but not maritally discordant men, were more likely than women to cite physical partner aggression as the precipitant of their own aggression. Women, including maritally discordant women, were more likely to endorse partner verbal than partner physical aggression as a precipitant for their own mild physical aggression, which is consistent with women's aggression escalation. Nonaggressive partner precipitants were common and deserve future research attention. ======================================================================== *Pages: 348-351 (Article) *View Full Record: 'http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord&UT=000238333900021' *Order Full Text [ ] Title: Relations among family discord, caregiver communication, and children's family representations Authors: Winter, MA; Davies, PT; Hightower, AD; Meyer, SC Source: JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY, 20 (2): 348-351; JUN 2006 Abstract: This study examined associations among family discord, caregiver communication quality about emotionally stressful family events, and child internal representations of family security in 50 preschool children and their primary caregivers. Consistent with risk and protective models, findings indicate that children's representations were predicted by the interaction between family discord and caregiver communication quality. Children exhibiting the highest level of secure representations of the family experienced a consistency between low levels of family discord and communications emphasizing family security. Conversely, incongruency between family experiences and communication, reflected in high levels of family discord and communications underscoring family security, was associated with the lowest level of child secure representations. Results suggest that child representations hinge on the fit between caregiver communication quality and family experience. ========================================================================