What do mutations do to a gene?

Here's a DNA sequence for a very short gene:

name

ATGAAGCTCTGGATAGCCGATAACCCCCCTCTCAGACAGTAA

This would give the following RNA

AUGAAGCUCUGGAUAGCCGAUAACCCCCCUCUCAGACAGUAA

2nd position

U

C

A

G

The nearly-universal genetic
code is shown on the right.
This is how cells of almost
all organisms translate the
RNA code. The table shows
which amino acid is specified
by each 3-letter "word" in
the RNA.

If you translate this RNA,
what protein sequence do
you get?

 

Here's a hint about how to
do this most easily:

U

3-letter "word"

corresponding amino acid

C

A

G

Now, here are some RNAs from mutant versions of this gene. The mutations are
indicated with arrows. Translate each of these gene versions...what happens?

Effect on protein:

insert 1 base

see the back for some thoughts about what amino acid changes can do

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