Literature search at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
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#1: 56 CORPUS-CALLOSUM / all subheadings
#2: 64 AGENESIS
#3: 13 #1 and #2
Searches and records above from: MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1/96-9/96
#4: 134 #3
#5: 231661 PY=1995
#6: 17 #4 and (PY=1995)
TI: Anterior callosal agenesis in mild, lobar holoprosencephaly.
AU: Sener-RN
AD: Department of Radiology, Ege University Hospital, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
SO: Pediatr-Radiol. 1995; 25(5): 385-6
ISSN: 0301-0449
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: GERMANY
AB: The corpus callosum normally grows in a ventral to dorsal direction with the genu appearing first followed by posterior growth to form the body and splenium. In holoprosencephaly there usually is a malformation of the lamina terminalis which results in lack of formation of the corpus callosum. This paper presents a patient with mild, lobar holoprosencephaly in whom a different type of callosal dysgenesis was detected: the callosal body and splenium were apparently formed but the anterior parts were absent. The existence of this type of callosal dysgenesis appears to be in contrast to current theories on callosal development.
MESH: Infant-; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging
MESH: *Corpus-Callosum-pathology; *Holoprosencephaly-pathology
TG: Case-Report; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 96058130
UD: 9601
TI: Ectrodactyly, diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart defect, and agenesis of the corpus callosum.
AU: Saal-HM; Bulas-DI
AD: Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
SO: Clin-Dysmorphol. 1995 Jul; 4(3): 246-50
ISSN: 0962-8827
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: ENGLAND
AB: A unique case of a female born with four major malformations, ectrodactyly, diaphragmatic hernia, ventricular septal defect, and agenesis of the corpus callosum is reported. The patient had a normal birth weight, normal head circumference and a normal karyotype. There was no significant facial dysmorphism. The family history was unremarkable for birth defects, recurrent pregnancy loss, limb anomalies or consanguinity. We propose that this represents a new constellation of multiple malformations.
MESH: Corpus-Callosum-radiography; Hand-Deformities,-Congenital-pathology; Hernia,-Diaphragmatic-radiography; Infant,-Newborn; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-pathology; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Heart-Defects,-Congenital-pathology; *Hernia,-Diaphragmatic-pathology
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 96031914
UD: 9601
TI: Psychosis in Apert's syndrome with partial agenesis of the corpus callosum.
AU: Gupta-S; Popli-A
AD: Creighton-Nebraska Department of Psychiatry at VA Medical Center, Omaha 68105, USA.
SO: J-Psychiatry-Neurosci. 1995 Jul; 20(4): 307-9
ISSN: 1180-4882
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: CANADA
AB: A 19-year-old male with Apert's syndrome developed psychotic symptoms that responded to haloperidol. He was also found to have partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and enlarged lateral ventricles on a head CT scan. The implications of these findings in the context of psychotic symptoms are discussed. There are no previous reports of psychosis in patients with Apert's syndrome.
MESH: Acrocephalosyndactylia-physiopathology; Acrocephalosyndactylia-psychology; Adult-; Cerebral-Ventricles-pathology; Corpus-Callosum-pathology; Corpus-Callosum-physiopathology; Haloperidol-therapeutic-use; Organic-Mental-Disorders,-Psychotic-physiopathology; Organic-Mental-Disorders,-Psychotic-psychology; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed
MESH: *Acrocephalosyndactylia-diagnosis; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Organic-Mental-Disorders,-Psychotic-diagnosis
TG: Case-Report; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
RN: 52-86-8
NM: Haloperidol
AN: 95375007
UD: 9512
TI: Spectrum of X-linked hydrocephalus (HSAS), MASA syndrome, and complicated spastic paraplegia (SPG1): Clinical review with six additional families.
AU: Schrander-Stumpel-C; Howeler-C; Jones-M; Sommer-A; Stevens-C; Tinschert-S; Israel-J; Fryns-JP
AD: Division of Clinical Genetics, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
SO: Am-J-Med-Genet. 1995 May 22; 57(1): 107-16
ISSN: 0148-7299
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: UNITED-STATES
AB: X-linked hydrocephalus (HSAS) (MIM *307000), MASA syndrome (MIM *303350), and complicated spastic paraplegia (SPG1) (MIM *312900) are closely related. Soon after delineation, SPG1 was incorporated into the spectrum of MASA syndrome. HSAS and MASA syndrome show great clinical overlap; DNA linkage analysis places the loci at Xq28. In an increasing number of families with MASA syndrome or HSAS, mutations in L1CAM, a gene located at Xq28, have been reported. In order to further delineate the clinical spectrum, we studied 6 families with male patients presenting with MASA syndrome, HSAS, or a mixed phenotype. We summarized data from previous reports and compared them with our data. Clinical variability appears to be great, even within families. Problems in genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis, the possible overlap with X-linked corpus callosum agenesis and FG syndrome, and the different forms of X-linked complicated spastic paraplegia are discussed. Since adducted thumbs and spastic paraplegia are found in 90% of the patients, the condition may be present in males with nonspecific mental retardation. We propose to abandon the designation MASA syndrome and use the term HSAS/MASA spectrum, incorporating SPG1.
MESH: Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; Genetic-Counseling; Gestational-Age; Hydrocephalus-physiopathology; Infant-; Infant,-Newborn; Mental-Retardation-physiopathology; Paraplegia-physiopathology; Pedigree-; Pregnancy-; Prenatal-Diagnosis; Retrospective-Studies; Syndrome-
MESH: *Hydrocephalus-genetics; *Mental-Retardation-genetics; *Paraplegia-genetics; *X-Chromosome
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95373535
UD: 9511
TI: The British Neurological Surveillance Unit: a nation-wide scheme for the ascertainment of rare neurological disorders.
AU: Cockerell-OC; Gupta-S; Catchpole-M; Sander-JW; Shorvon-SD
AD: Neuroepidemiology Unit, National Hospitals for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
SO: Neuroepidemiology. 1995; 14(4): 182-7
ISSN: 0251-5350
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: SWITZERLAND
AB: The British Neurological Surveillance Unit was set up in January 1993 with the aim of co-ordinating and improving the ascertainment of rare neurological disorders in the United Kingdom by using a system of nation-wide active surveillance. The unit provides a service for individual investigators who must first submit possible studies to a scientific advisory committee. Once accepted the condition is listed on a report card which is sent to every member of the British neurological community every month. The cards are easy to use, and all the reporting neurologist has to do is tick a box indicating whether a case has (or has not been) seen. At the end of every month the individual investigators then initiate further follow-up by contacting the reporting neurologists. In the first year of operation the scheme has assisted in the surveillance of 6 disorders and the following number of verified cases have so far been ascertained: polio in adults (n = 0); acute psychological disorders in patients with epilepsy (n = 75); Guillain-Barre syndrome in the south of England (n = 32); epilepsia partialis continua (n = 40); amyloid neuropathy (n = 12), and agenesis of the corpus callosum (n = 24). The monthly response rates are between 65 and 75%, with the eventual aim of achieving over 90% after the scheme has become more established.
MESH: Great-Britain-epidemiology; Incidence-
MESH: *Amyloid-Neuropathies-epidemiology; *Brain-Diseases-epidemiology; *Brain-Diseases-physiopathology; *Corpus-Callosum-physiopathology; *Epilepsy,-Partial-epidemiology; *Poliomyelitis-epidemiology; *Polyradiculoneuritis-epidemiology
TG: Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95371787
UD: 9511
TI: The hair collar sign: marker for cranial dysraphism.
AU: Drolet-BA; Clowry-L Jr; McTigue-MK; Esterly-NB
AD: Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
SO: Pediatrics. 1995 Aug; 96(2 Pt 1): 309-13
ISSN: 0031-4005
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: UNITED-STATES
AB: OBJECTIVE. To call attention to a cutaneous marker for neural tube closure defects of the scalp, the "hair collar" sign. This finding consists of a ring of long, dark, coarse hair surrounding a midline scalp nodule. METHODS AND RESULTS. Four children with small congenital scalp nodules and the hair collar sign were studied from the standpoint of clinical findings, radiologic scans, and histology of the excised nodules. All four had an overlying vascular stain in addition to the hair collar. Patients 1 and 2 were found to have encephaloceles, and one had heterotopic brain tissue. The fourth family refused surgery, but the clinical and radiologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of atretic encephaloceles. One infant had agenesis of the corpus callosum and a Dandy-Walker malformation as associated findings. CONCLUSIONS. The "hair collar" sign should alert the pediatrician to the possibility of ectopic neural tissue in the scalp and/or underlying central nervous system malformations.
MESH: Brain-pathology; Choristoma-congenital; Choristoma-diagnosis; Choristoma-pathology; Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; Corpus-Callosum-pathology; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-complications; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-pathology; Encephalocele-diagnosis; Encephalocele-pathology; Hair-pathology; Hamartoma-diagnosis; Hamartoma-pathology; Infant-; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Membrane-Glycoproteins-analysis; Meninges-pathology; Mucins-analysis; Nerve-Tissue-Protein-S-100-analysis; Neural-Tube-Defects-pathology; Scalp-pathology; Scalp-Dermatoses-congenital; Scalp-Dermatoses-diagnosis; Scalp-Dermatoses-pathology; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed; Vimentin-analysis
MESH: *Hair-abnormalities; *Neural-Tube-Defects-diagnosis; *Scalp-abnormalities
TG: Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
RN: 0; 0; 0; 0; 0
NM: episialin; Membrane-Glycoproteins; Mucins; Nerve-Tissue-Protein-S-100; Vimentin
AN: 95357118
UD: 9511
SB: AIM
TI: Morphometric study of the corpus callosum in Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy by magnetic resonance imaging.
AU: Wang-ZP; Osawa-M; Fukuyama-Y
AD: Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan.
SO: Brain-Dev. 1995 Mar-Apr; 17(2): 104-10
ISSN: 0387-7604
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: NETHERLANDS
AB: The corpus callosum (CC) of 24 Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) patients were studied using midsagittal MRI and the results were compared with those of 20 age-matched controls. The measurements included the thickness of the genu, body and splenium; the length, height and five specific angles of the CC. The cephalic index was also measured on axial MRI. The correlations among CC length, CC height, the five angles and the cephalic index were evaluated. One case of FCMD was found to have CC agenesis. The thickness of the genu, body, splenium and CC length were significantly reduced in FCMD. In addition, in FCMD, the CC height was increased, angle alpha was greater, angle delta reduced and the CC configuration more rounded, showing a high arch on imaging. No significant correlations among CC length, CC height, the five specific angles and the cephalic index were found in any of the FCMD data. These observations demonstrated the fact that CC development in FCMD is uniquely abnormal, and abnormal CC configuration does not have any correlation with altered cephalic index.
MESH: Adolescence-; Adult-; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Corpus-Callosum-anatomy-and-histology; Corpus-Callosum-growth-and-development; Infant-; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-methods; Muscular-Dystrophy-congenital; Muscular-Dystrophy-physiopathology; Reference-Values; Seizures-
MESH: *Corpus-Callosum-pathology; *Muscular-Dystrophy-diagnosis
TG: Female; Human; Male; Support,-Non-U.S.-Gov't
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95351481
UD: 9511
TI: "C" trigonocephaly syndrome: report of a child with agenesis of the corpus callosum and tetralogy of Fallot, and review.
AU: Glickstein-J; Karasik-J; Caride-DG; Marion-RW
AD: Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
SO: Am-J-Med-Genet. 1995 Mar 27; 56(2): 215-8
ISSN: 0148-7299
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: UNITED-STATES
AB: We report on a new case of the Opitz "C" trigonocephaly syndrome. Our patient had agenesis of the corpus callosum, an anomaly seen only twice previously, and tetralogy of Fallot, described only once before. A review shows that a combination of conotruncal heart defects and midline brain anomalies characterizes patients with this entity.
MESH: Abnormalities,-Multiple-genetics; Craniosynostoses-genetics; Fatal-Outcome; Genes,-Recessive; Infant-; Syndrome-; Tetralogy-of-Fallot-genetics; Tetralogy-of-Fallot-radiography; Tomography,-X-Ray
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-diagnosis; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Craniosynostoses-diagnosis; *Tetralogy-of-Fallot-diagnosis
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW-OF-REPORTED-CASES
AN: 95351376
UD: 9511
TI: Agenesis of the corpus callosum and Dandy-Walker malformation associated with hemimegalencephaly in the sebaceous nevus syndrome.
AU: Dodge-NN; Dobyns-WB
AD: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
SO: Am-J-Med-Genet. 1995 Mar 27; 56(2): 147-50
ISSN: 0148-7299
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: UNITED-STATES
AB: The sebaceous nevus syndrome is sometimes associated with hemimegalencephaly and a group of related abnormalities including ipsilateral gyral malformation, mental retardation, seizures, especially infantile spasms, and facial hemihypertrophy. This combination has been described as the "neurological variant of epidermal nevus syndrome." Other brain malformations have been reported only rarely. We report on a child with a subtle sebaceous nevus associated with hemimegalencephaly who also had agenesis of the corpus callosum and Dandy-Walker malformation.
MESH: Abnormalities,-Multiple-genetics; Brain-abnormalities; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-genetics; Infant,-Newborn; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-diagnosis; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-diagnosis; *Facial-Neoplasms-diagnosis; *Hamartoma-diagnosis; *Nevus-diagnosis; *Sebaceous-Glands-pathology
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95351362
UD: 9511
TI: Single forebrain ventricle without prosencephaly: agenesis of the corpus callosum with dehiscent fornices.
AU: de-Leon-GA; Radkowski-MA; Gutierrez-FA
AD: Department of Pathology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
SO: Acta-Neuropathol-Berl. 1995; 89(5): 454-8
ISSN: 0001-6322
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: GERMANY
AB: Coalescence of the cerebral ventricles with formation of a single forebrain ventricle is described in an unusual case of agenesis of the corpus callosum with dehiscent fornices and severe hydrocephalus. The cerebral hemispheres were fully cleaved. The detached fornices were widely separated from the thalami. The membrana tectoria was retroverted over the midbrain and cerebellum, where it joined the fornices and merged with a curved membranous ependymal dome which, at a great distance, circumvented the thalami as it extended toward the anterior commissure. Other anomalies included arhinencephaly, multiple subependymal heterotopias, and Dandy-Walker malformation. Similar malformations have been described as interhemispheric cysts, as (holo)prosencephaly, or as "midline telencephalic dysgenesis." The basic features of prosencephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum are reviewed and compared to the present case.
MESH: Brain-pathology; Cerebral-Ventricles-pathology; Cerebral-Ventriculography; Corpus-Callosum-pathology; Corpus-Callosum-radiography; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-pathology; Infant-; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Organ-Weight; Prosencephalon-pathology; Prosencephalon-radiography; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed
MESH: *Cerebral-Ventricles-abnormalities; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Prosencephalon-abnormalities
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95343727
UD: 9510
TI: Assessment and management of fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum.
AU: Gupta-JK; Lilford-RJ
AD: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, U.K.
SO: Prenat-Diagn. 1995 Apr; 15(4): 301-12
ISSN: 0197-3851
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: ENGLAND
AB: Prenatal counselling for fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum is difficult as the prognosis until now has been so uncertain. We have reviewed the current world English literature to provide the best probabilistic information for prospective parents. In total, there are 70 cases where the diagnosis was made prenatally. The diagnosis of apparently isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum (in the absence of other sonographically detectable anomalies) appears to carry an excellent prognosis, with an 85 per cent chance of a normal developmental outcome and a 15 per cent risk of handicap. Fetal karyotyping is recommended as there is a 1 in 10 risk of aneuploidy. If other anomalies are detected prenatally, the outcome is very poor. Termination of pregnancy is advised in these circumstances.
MESH: Corpus-Callosum-embryology; Pregnancy-; Pregnancy-Outcome; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-diagnosis; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Fetal-Diseases-diagnosis; *Prenatal-Diagnosis
TG: Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,-TUTORIAL
AN: 95342797
UD: 9510
TI: Craniofacial abnormalities, agenesis of the corpus callosum, polysyndactyly and abnormal skin and gut development--the Curry Jones syndrome.
AU: Temple-IK; Eccles-DM; Winter-RM; Baraitser-M; Carr-SB; Shortland-D; Jones-MC; Curry-C
AD: Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, Hants, UK.
SO: Clin-Dysmorphol. 1995 Apr; 4(2): 116-29
ISSN: 0962-8827
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: ENGLAND
AB: Five children are described with a striking, asymmetric facial appearance, craniosynostosis, preaxial polysyndactyly, agenesis of the corpus callosum and unusual skin with streaky areas of atrophy. The gut and mucous membranes are involved in two patients. This paper includes two patients described by Gorlin (1990) under the designation of the Curry Jones syndrome.
MESH: Corpus-Callosum-growth-and-development; Face-abnormalities; Infant,-Newborn; Skin-growth-and-development; Skull-abnormalities; Syndactyly-; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-physiopathology; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Intestines-abnormalities; *Skin-abnormalities
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95330144
UD: 9510
TI: [Bilateral carotid artery agenesis with corpus callosum hypogenesis--a case report]
AU: Owada-Y; Sakuta-Y
AD: Division of Neurosurgery, Nagai City Hospital, Yamagata, Japan.
SO: No-To-Shinkei. 1995 Jun; 47(6): 589-94
ISSN: 0006-8969
PY: 1995
LA: JAPANESE; NON-ENGLISH
CP: JAPAN
AB: To date, only 21 cases of bilateral absence of the internal carotid artery have been reported. The authors report a case of bilateral internal carotid artery agenesis combined with corpus callosum hypogenesis and cavum vergae. A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of occasional vertigo. Physical and neurological findings were normal except for severe mental retardation. Bilateral carotid angiograms showed the absence of both internal carotid arteries. Left vertebral angiography demonstrated filling of the right and left anterior and middle cerebral arteries by the posterior communicating artery. The ophthalmic arteries were opacified from the external carotid artery via the middle meningeal artery. A bone-targeted CT scan demonstrated the absence of the bony carotid canals bilaterally, and an MRI study, revealed that the corpus callosum was hypogenetic, and cavum vergae was observed.
MESH: English-Abstract; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Middle-Age; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed
MESH: *Carotid-Artery,-Internal-abnormalities; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities
TG: Case-Report; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW-OF-REPORTED-CASES
AN: 95329362
UD: 9510
TI: Fryns syndrome: neurologic findings in a survivor.
AU: Riela-AR; Thomas-IT; Gonzalez-AR; Ifft-RD
AD: Department of Neurology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9036, USA.
SO: J-Child-Neurol. 1995 Mar; 10(2): 110-3
ISSN: 0883-0738
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: UNITED-STATES
AB: Fryns syndrome, a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome associated with diaphragmatic defects, craniofacial dysmorphism, distal digital hypoplasia, and neurologic abnormalities, was first described in 1979. This autosomal recessive disorder is usually associated with stillbirth or death immediately after birth. Detailed neurologic findings in the third survivor beyond the neonatal period are reported, and neurologic abnormalities in other cases are reviewed. Initially, hypotonia, areflexia, and weakness were seen. Myoclonus developed immediately after birth and was well controlled with high-dose valproate. Electroencephalography revealed slowing and irregular paroxysmal discharges with spikes and sharp waves that disappeared with time and treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, a Dandy-Walker malformation, and progressive cerebral and brainstem atrophy. This syndrome should be considered in patients with unusual facial features and digital abnormalities associated with frequent early myoclonus.
MESH: Abnormalities,-Multiple-diagnosis; Atrophy-; Brain-pathology; Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; Corpus-Callosum-pathology; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-diagnosis; Dandy-Walker-Syndrome-genetics; Epilepsy,-Myoclonic-diagnosis; Follow-Up-Studies; Genes,-Recessive; Hernia,-Diaphragmatic-diagnosis; Infant,-Newborn; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Muscle-Hypotonia-diagnosis; Nails-abnormalities; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-genetics; *Brain-abnormalities; *Epilepsy,-Myoclonic-genetics; *Fingers-abnormalities; *Hernia,-Diaphragmatic-genetics; *Muscle-Hypotonia-genetics; *Neurologic-Examination; *Reflex,-Abnormal-genetics; *Toes-abnormalities
TG: Case-Report; Female; Human
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95301857
UD: 9509
TI: [Agenesis of the corpus callosum (letter)]
TO: Corpus callosum-agenesi.
AU: Sorensen-TT
SO: Ugeskr-Laeger. 1995 Apr 24; 157(17): 2456-7
ISSN: 0041-5782
PY: 1995
LA: DANISH; NON-ENGLISH
CP: DENMARK
MESH: Infant,-Newborn; Mental-Retardation-genetics; Mental-Retardation-metabolism
MESH: *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities
TG: Human
PT: LETTER
AN: 95282288
UD: 9509
TI: Inhibitory and excitatory interhemispheric transfers between motor cortical areas in normal humans and patients with abnormalities of the corpus callosum.
AU: Meyer-BU; Roricht-S; Grafin-von-Einsiedel-H; Kruggel-F; Weindl-A
AD: Department of Neurology of the Charite, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Germany.
SO: Brain. 1995 Apr; 118 ( Pt 2): 429-40
ISSN: 0006-8950
PY: 1995
LA: ENGLISH
CP: ENGLAND
AB: Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex was performed in 10 normal subjects and 10 patients with radiographical abnormalities of the corpus callosum. Seven patients had a complete or partial agenesis or hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, two had a thin corpus callosum due to hydrocephalus or white matter degeneration and one had a circumscript contusion lesion of the corpus callosum. The patients served as a clinical model to investigate transcallosal influences on excitatory and inhibitory effects of motor cortex stimulation and to assess the potential diagnostic use of interhemispheric conduction studies and the contribution of interhemispheric interaction on transcranially elicited contralateral excitatory and inhibitory motor responses. Stimulation over one motor cortex suppressed tonic voluntary electromyographic activity in ipsilateral hand muscles in all subjects with preserved anterior half of the trunk of the corpus callosum. Since this suppression was lacking or had a delayed onset latency in patients with absence or abnormalities of the anterior half of the trunk of the corpus callosum it can be concluded that it is due to a transcallosal inhibition (Ti) of the opposite motor cortex mediated by fibres passing through this part of the corpus callosum. In normal subjects Ti had an mean onset latency of 36.1 +/- 3.5 ms (SD) and a duration of 24.5 +/- 3.9 ms. The calculated mean transcallosal conduction time was 13 ms. The threshold of Ti recorded in muscles ipsilateral to stimulation tended to be higher than the one for eliciting excitatory contralateral motor responses (56 +/- 6% versus 46 +/- 10% maximum stimulator output). Cortical thresholds (at rest) for contralateral excitatory hand motor responses were higher in patients with developmental abnormalities of the corpus callosum than in normals (66 +/- 17% versus 46 +/- 10% maximum stimulator output), which probably reflects also a facilitatory transcallosal interaction of both motor cortices in normals. In contrast, facilitation of cortically elicited motor responses in one hand by strong contraction of the other hand was the same in the patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum and normals, which suggests that this facilitatory spread takes place on a spinal rather than on a cortical level. Central motor latencies and amplitudes of contralateral hand motor responses were the same in patients with developmental abnormalities of the corpus callosum and normals (6.1 +/- 0.7 ms versus 6.3 +/- 0.7 ms and 6.7 +/- 2.4 mV versus 6.6 +/- 2.9 mV) so that callosal transfers do not seem to influence corticospinal conduction properties.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
MESH: Adult-; Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; Laterality-; Motor-Cortex-physiopathology; Muscles-physiology; Muscles-physiopathology; Neural-Pathways
MESH: *Brain-Diseases-physiopathology; *Corpus-Callosum-physiopathology; *Magnetics-; *Motor-Cortex-physiology
TG: Female; Human; Male; Support,-Non-U.S.-Gov't
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95253874
UD: 9508
SB: AIM
TI: [Agenesis of the corpus callosum]
TO: Corpus callosum-agenesi.
AU: Nielsen-LH
AD: Esbjerg Centralsygehus, borneafdelingen.
SO: Ugeskr-Laeger. 1995 Feb 6; 157(6): 737-9
ISSN: 0041-5782
PY: 1995
LA: DANISH; NON-ENGLISH
CP: DENMARK
AB: This article presents ten children with agenesis of the corpus callosum diagnosed during the period 1978-1992. The children were re-examined in 1992, and the results of the examination compared with the results of other authors. Among the ten children, five had other cerebral anomalies, six had eye anomalies, six were mentally retarded and two suffered from epilepsy. There was one boy with inversion on chromosome no. 1, one girl with Aicardie's syndrome, two sisters with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), one of whom was suffering from diabetes insipidus, and two brothers with Walker Warburg's syndrome. ACC is often associated with mental retardation, epilepsy and eye anomalies and may be found associated to many different syndromes.
MESH: Adolescence-; Child-; Child,-Preschool; English-Abstract; Epilepsy-diagnosis; Infant-; Mental-Retardation-diagnosis; Syndrome-
MESH: *Abnormalities,-Multiple-diagnosis; *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities
TG: Female; Human; Male
PT: JOURNAL-ARTICLE
AN: 95216176
UD: 9507
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