A literature search at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
The following MEDLINE items were compiled by SilverPlatter and are presented with their generous co-operation and permission. (See SilverPlatter's Worldwide Library for bibliographic search information.)
TITLE: Absence of the fragile X CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion in girls diagnosed with a pervasive developmental disorder. AUTHOR(S): Meyer-GA; Blum-NJ; Hitchcock-W; Fortina-P ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia 23708-2197, USA. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Pediatr. 1998 Sep; 133(3): 363-5 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-3476 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the fragile X (FRAX) CGG trinucleotide expansion in a population of young girls (n = 45) diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Their mean age was 43.7 months (range, 25 to 132 months). Diagnoses included autistic disorder (n = 20), PDD (n = 23), and Asperger's syndrome (n = 2). Molecular FRAX testing was performed on all patients by using the Southern gene blot technique. Genomic DNA was digested with both EcoRI and EagI, fractionated on agarose gel, and blotted and probed with the radiolabeled StB12.3 FMR-1 probe. None of the subjects were found to have an expansion of CGG in either the 2.8 kb or 5.2 kb fragments. A 95% CI, for the prevalence of the FRAX mutation in female subjects with PDD, has an upper bound of 2.9%. We conclude that the prevalence of FRAX positivity in girls with PDD is lower than previously reported. This raises the question of whether any association between FRAX and PDD in female subjects is specific to PDD or is related rather to the presence of mental retardation. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Blotting,-Southern; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Cohort-Studies; Confidence-Intervals; Mental-Retardation-genetics; Mutation-genetics; Nerve-Tissue-Proteins-genetics; Prevalence-; Prospective-Studies; Retrospective-Studies; RNA-Binding-Proteins-genetics MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-genetics; *Cytosine-; *DNA-genetics; *Fragile-X-Syndrome-genetics; *Guanine-; *Repetitive-Sequences,-Nucleic-Acid-genetics; *X-Chromosome-genetics MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98409097
Record 2 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/01-1998/10
TITLE: [Children with Asperger syndrome] AUTHOR(S): Bjorklund-G
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Tidsskr-Nor-Laegeforen. 1998 Apr 20; 118(10): 1567-9 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0029-2001 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: NORWEGIAN; NON-ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 1994 Hans Asperger (1906-80), an Austrian physician, described a group of children with impaired social interaction and communication abilities. The name of this disorder today is Asperger's syndrome, and it is currently defined under the category of pervasive developmental disorder in DSM-IV and ICD-10. In this article the following aspects of Asperger's syndrome are focused on: personality, epidemiology, etiology, examination, differential diagnosis, management and prognosis. The article is based on a literature study. Asperger's syndrome seems to be considerably more common than "classic" autism. The syndrome is much more common in boys than in girls. The clinical characteristics of Asperger's syndrome are probably influenced by many factors, including organic and genetic factors. Asperger's syndrome is the term applied to the highest functioning end of the autism scale. There are several commonalities between Asperger's syndrome and autism, namely impairment of social interaction and communication abilities, and range of interests and activities. Differences exist primarily in the degree of impairment in language and cognitive development. Differential diagnosis, examination and management are discussed. There is a need for further research. It is important that the diagnostic criteria for Asperger's syndrome are as uniform as possible, and that they do not overlap with infantile autism. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism-diagnosis; Autism-psychology; Autism-therapy; Child-; Diagnosis,-Differential; English-Abstract; Prognosis-; Social-Support; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-
MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98277819
Record 3 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1997
TITLE: Autism and Asperger's syndrome.
AUTHOR(S): Towbin-KE
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychiatry, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Curr-Opin-Pediatr. 1997 Aug; 9(4): 361-6 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 1040-8703 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Knowledge about the spectrum of autistic disorders, including Asperger's syndrome, has grown significantly. Diagnoses can be made more reliably and there is better characterization of elements within the spectrum than ever before. A clearer picture of the cognitive limitations displayed by persons with conditions in the autistic spectrum is emerging. Deficits in manipulating abstract meanings, translating principles across contexts, and attending to contextual meanings can be seen in lower and higher functioning individuals. Links between "executive function," "theory of mind," and findings from functional imaging are becoming apparent. There are consistent indications that frontal and temporal regions play a crucial role in these disorders. Associations with specific genetic defects has been suggested, but methods capable of discovering the complex interplay of several genes will be needed before generalized conclusions can be reached. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Autism,-Infantile-etiology; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-therapy; Biological-Psychiatry; Child-Psychiatry; Cognition-; Neuroanatomy-; Neuropsychology- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile; *Mental-Processes MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97445308
Record 4 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1997
TITLE: High functioning autistic children and the construction of "normal family life". AUTHOR(S): Gray-DE
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Sociology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Soc-Sci-Med. 1997 Apr; 44(8): 1097-106 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0277-9536 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: This study examines the social construction of normal family life among the parents of children with high functioning autism or Asperger's syndrome. The meaning of the concept of normal family life is reviewed, and a constructionist perspective is employed to understand the parents' evaluations of their families. The results present a description of the factors used as evidence for or against family normality and the variations in such perceptions according to the gender of the parent and the child's autistic symptoms. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Aggression-; Autism-psychology; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Social-Support; Stress,-Psychological; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-; *Family-Health MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97278463
Record 5 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1997
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome and memory: similarity to autism but not amnesia. AUTHOR(S): Bowler-DM; Matthews-NJ; Gardiner-JM ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychology, City University, London, U.K. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Neuropsychologia. 1997 Jan; 35(1): 65-70 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0028-3932 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Two experiments are described in which the memory of adults with Asperger's syndrome is compared with that of verbal IQ controls. The results of the first experiment showed that the Asperger subjects resembled autistic adults and children in their failure to use category information to aid their free recall. In the second experiment, both groups of subjects showed similar priming effects in an implicit stem completion task and similar performance on an explicit cued recall task. Moreover, both groups also showed more priming for items that they had read at study and better recall for items that they had to generate at study, suggesting that the cued recall of the Asperger subjects did not result from contamination by automatic or involuntary processes. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Cues-; Intelligence-Tests; Neuropsychological-Tests; Syndrome-; Verbal-Learning MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Amnesia-psychology; *Autism-psychology; *Memory-Disorders-psychology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97135841
Record 6 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1996
TITLE: Nonverbal learning disabilities, Asperger's syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder--should we care? [editorial; comment] AUTHOR(S): Brumback-RA; Harper-CR; Weinberg-WA SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Neurol. 1996 Nov; 11(6): 427-9 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0883-0738 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-psychology; Child,-Preschool; Dominance,-Cerebral; Infant-; Language-Development-Disorders-psychology; Mental-Retardation-psychology; Verbal-Learning MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-diagnosis; *Language-Development-Disorders-diagnosis; *Mental-Retardation-diagnosis; *Nonverbal-Communication MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97118593
Record 7 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1996
TITLE: Autism, Asperger's syndrome and the Crick-Mitchison theory of the biological function of REM sleep. AUTHOR(S): Brown-DW
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Med-Hypotheses. 1996 Nov; 47(5): 399-403 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0306-9877 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Autism, Asperger's syndrome and other autistic syndromes are developmental brain disorders that cause serious impairments in communication, social interaction, empathy, mood and play. In addition to such deficits, the autistic syndromes involve pathologically high levels of repetitive, stereotypic, ritualistic, compulsive or obsessive behavior, together with extreme resistance to change. According to the Crick-Mitchison theory of the biological function of rapid eye movement sleep, normal brain development in the fetus and infant depends on undisrupted function of a 'reverse learning' mechanism during rapid eye movement sleep. Could abnormalities in this hypothetical reverse learning during rapid eye movement sleep in the fetus explain some aspects of the autistic syndromes? Does the Crick-Mitchison theory suggest if a drug could interfere with rapid eye movement sleep and cross the placental barrier, then that drug might cause developmental brain disorders in the f etus? Should all pregnant women completely avoid caffeine or any agent that might disrupt serotonergic or cholinergic systems? MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism-etiology; Autism-prevention-and-control; Brain-embryology; Brain-growth-and-development; Caffeine-; Fetus-; Infant-; Infant,-Newborn; Pregnancy-; Prenatal-Exposure-Delayed-Effects MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-physiopathology; *Brain-abnormalities; *Models,-Neurological; *Models,-Psychological; *Sleep,-REM MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97109524
Record 8 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1996
TITLE: A savant poet.
AUTHOR(S): Dowker-A; Hermelin-B; Pring-L ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychology, University of Oxford, London. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Psychol-Med. 1996 Sep; 26(5): 913-24 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0033-2917 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Poems by an individual with a diagnosis of Asperger's Syndrome were analysed and compared with those of a comparison poet. Though the savant poet performed less efficiently on formal language tests supposed to tap creativity, there were few differences between the two poets in regard to the poems' content and the use of various structural devices. The poems by the savant referred more often to aspects of self-analysis, while descriptions of people not related to the self were less frequent. Both poets made use of similes and metaphors. The results are discussed in terms of different modular domains within the language system. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Case-Control-Studies; Language-; Language-Tests; Middle-Age; Self-Assessment-Psychology; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Aptitude-; *Autism-psychology; *Communication-Barriers; *Creativeness-; *Poetry-; *Social-Behavior-Disorders-psychology; *Writing- MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97032445
Record 9 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1996
TITLE: Theory of mind in non-retarded children with autism and Asperger's syndrome. A research note. AUTHOR(S): Dahlgren-SO; Trillingsgaard-A ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Dept of Psychology, Goteborg University, Sweden. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1996 Sep; 37(6): 759-63 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: In the present study, 20 non-retarded children with autism and 20 non-retarded children with Asperger's syndrome, individually matched to the group of children with autism, participated. No statistically significant differences between the groups were found in the theory of mind tasks. In fact, the two groups performed almost as well as a group of normal children. These findings suggest that the theory of mind model has its limitations in explaining autism and that children with Asperger's syndrome are not more competent in theory of mind tasks than children with autism within the normal range of intelligence. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Child-; Intelligence-; Intelligence-Tests; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 97050230
Record 10 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1996
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome [clinical conference] AUTHOR(S): Volkmar-FR; Klin-A; Schultz-R; Bronen-R; Marans-WD; Sparrow-S; Cohen-DJ ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1996 Jan; 35(1): 118-23 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: This Grand Rounds is concerned with the classification of Asperger's syndrome and its continuity/discontinuity with autism. Information on a 15-year-old with the condition is presented as are data on other family members. The proband exhibited a longstanding pattern of marked deficits in social interaction, motor awkwardness, and unusual, circumscribed interest consistent with a diagnosis of Asperger's syndrome. Both the proband and his father exhibited unusual discrepancies between verbal and performance (nonverbal) cognitive abilities favoring the former. Deficits were observed in the social use of language. Father and son had similar abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging examination. Potential differences between higher-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome are important areas for future research. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-genetics; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Diagnosis,-Differential; Frontal-Lobe-abnormalities; Frontal-Lobe-pathology; Intelligence-genetics; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Phenotype-; Socialization-; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Personality-Assessment MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96148234
Record 11 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Differential diagnostics and treatment of an inpatient adolescent showing pervasive developmental disorder and mania. AUTHOR(S): Atlas-JA; Gerbino-Rosen-G
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Bronx Children's Psychiatric Center, NY 10461, USA. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Psychol-Rep. 1995 Aug; 77(1): 207-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0033-2941 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: A study of a 16.8-yr.-old female is presented to highlight aspects of Asperger's Syndrome as distinguished from cognate developmental and mood disorders. Brief therapy and pharmacological implications are mentioned. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-therapy; Bipolar-Disorder-psychology; Bipolar-Disorder-therapy; Clozapine-therapeutic-use; Combined-Modality-Therapy; Diagnosis,-Differential; Psychotherapy-; Residential-Treatment MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Bipolar-Disorder-diagnosis; *Patient-Admission MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96076929
Record 12 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome: a report of two cases from Malaysia. AUTHOR(S): Kasmini-K; Zasmani-S
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Singapore-Med-J. 1995 Dec; 36(6): 641-3 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0037-5675 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Asperger's Syndrome is a distinct variant of autism, with a prevalence rate of 10 to 26 per 10,000 of normal intelligence, and 0.4 per 10,000 in those with mild mental retardation. The syndrome now has its own clinical entity and diagnostic criteria. It is being officially listed in the ICD-10 under pervasive developmental disorder. Two such cases are described in this article. Case One lacked the ability to relate to others, was excessively preoccupied with the late actor P. Ramlee and demonstrated a peculiar behaviour of holding on to toothbrushes in his early childhood. Cognitively, he was unable to synthesise words into meaningful sentences. Similarly, Case Two was unable to relate well to others and was preoccupied with the planets and its constellations. Though he appeared intelligent with an IQ score of 101, he was unable to follow instructions at school. Both children had motor clumsiness and fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of Asperger's Syndrome. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-classification; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-psychology; Language-Development-Disorders-classification; Language-Development-Disorders-diagnosis; Language-Development-Disorders-psychology; Malaysia-; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales; Social-Behavior; Stereotyped-Behavior; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96375305
Record 13 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome and autism: differences in behavior, cognition, and adaptive functioning. AUTHOR(S): Szatmari-P; Archer-L; Fisman-S; Streiner-DL; Wilson-F ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1995 Dec; 34(12): 1662-71 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether subtypes of children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) differed on variables that were relatively independent of distinguishing criteria. METHOD: Higher-functioning children with PDD, 4 through 6 years of age, were differentiated into those with autism (n = 47) and those with Asperger's syndrome (n = 21) on the basis of delayed and deviant language development. The groups were then compared on a wide range of measures including PDD symptoms, adaptive behaviors in communication, socialization, and activities of daily living, and an assessment of verbal and nonverbal cognitive skills. RESULTS: Significant differences between the groups existed on many PDD symptoms, adaptive behaviors, and cognitive measures of language competence, but not on aspects of nonverbal communication, nonverbal cognition, or motor development. CONCLUSION: Subtypes of children with PDD can be identified that differ on variables relatively independent o f defining characteristics. These findings should provide a firm foundation into research to determine whether children with autism and Asperger's syndrome also differ on outcome, etiology, and response to treatment. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Activities-of-Daily-Living-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child-Behavior-Disorders-classification; Child-Behavior-Disorders-psychology; Child,-Preschool; Cognition-Disorders-classification; Cognition-Disorders-psychology; Personality-Assessment; Socialization-; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Child-Behavior-Disorders-diagnosis; *Cognition-Disorders-diagnosis; *Social-Adjustment MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96116618
Record 14 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Right-hemisphere dysfunction in Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): McKelvey-JR; Lambert-R; Mottron-L; Shevell-MI ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Neurol. 1995 Jul; 10(4): 310-4 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0883-0738 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISHABSTRACT: Asperger's syndrome has many clinical features in common with acquired right-hemisphere dysfunction and has been postulated to result from a developmental abnormality of the right hemisphere. However, right-hemisphere abnormality has not previously been documented on neuroanatomic or functional imaging in patients with Asperger's syndrome. We report three patients with Asperger's syndrome found to have abnormal right-hemisphere function on single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) imaging. The subjects were two males and one female, ranging from 12 to 16 years of age. All were diagnosed on the basis of the presence of the complete constellation of clinical features previously outlined. All patients were investigated with computed tomographic (CT) scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and SPECT scanning. In one subject, CT and MRI revealed enlargement of the right lateral ventricle, reflecting a mild degree of right hemispheric atrophy. CT and MRI stu dies on the other two subjects were normal. SPECT scanning demonstrated right hemispheric abnormalities in each subject: right temporal hypoperfusion with a central area of increased perfusion along with frontal polar hyperperfusion in one; diffusely decreased right hemispheric uptake in the second; and decreased frontal and occipital uptake in the third. Cerebellar abnormalities were also present: a smaller right hemisphere with increased uptake in the first; decreased uptake in the vermis and right hemisphere in the second; and decreased vermal uptake in the third. These findings support the hypothesis that the neurobiologic basis of Asperger's syndrome is a developmental abnormality of the right cerebral hemisphere. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Brain-Mapping; Cerebellum-blood-supply; Cerebellum-physiopathology; Cerebral-Cortex-blood-supply; Cerebral-Cortex-physiopathology; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Regional-Blood-Flow-physiology; Tomography,-Emission-Computed,-Single-Photon; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-physiopathology; *Dominance,-Cerebral-physiology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96076039
Record 15 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Schizoid personality in girls: a follow-up study--what are the links with Asperger's syndrome? AUTHOR(S): Wolff-S; McGuire-RJ
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: University of Edinburgh Department of Psychiatry, UK. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1995 Jul; 36(5): 793-817 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Child psychiatric records of 33 girls given a diagnosis of "schizoid" personality in childhood, were compared with records of a control group of other referred girls and with those of 32 pairs of "schizoid" and control boys. Seventeen "schizoid" girls were seen again in adult life and compared with 32 "schizoid" boys previously followed up at the same age. The features of "schizoid" girls in childhood and adult life were very similar to those of the boys. A striking finding, possible due to referral bias, was the high rate of antisocial conduct in "schizoid" girls, both in childhood and later life. The dilemmas of diagnostic classification of this group of patients are discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-classification; Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis; Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Diagnosis,-Differential; Follow-Up-Studies; Intelligence-; Personality-Development; Schizoid-Personality-Disorder-classification; Schizoid-Personality-Disorder-psychology; Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-classification; Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis; Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-psychology; Socioeconomic-Factors MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Gender-Identity; *Schizoid-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 96023690
Record 16 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: A social skills group for boys with Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): Marriage-KJ; Gordon-V; Brand-L ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Aust-N-Z-J-Psychiatry. 1995 Mar; 29(1): 58-62 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0004-8674 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: A social skills group was conducted for 8 boys aged 8 to 12 years on a weekly basis for 14 sessions. In this descriptive paper we discuss the planning for the group, the teaching techniques used, the actual group process and a subjective assessment of outcomes. Possible directions for future interventions are also presented. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Group-Processes; Group-Structure; Interpersonal-Relations; Personality-Assessment; Treatment-Outcome MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-therapy; *Behavior-Therapy-methods; *Psychotherapy,-Group-methods; *Socialization- MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 95351939
Record 17 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome and violence [letter; comment] AUTHOR(S): Hall-I; Bernal-J
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Br-J-Psychiatry. 1995 Feb; 166(2): 262 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-1250 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Mental-Disorders-epidemiology; Prevalence-; Schools-; Students-; Sweden-epidemiology; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Mental-Disorders-psychology; *Violence- MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 95245589
Record 18 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Linguistics, human communication and psychiatry [see comments] AUTHOR(S): Thomas-P; Fraser-W
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Academic Sub-Department of Psychiatry, North Wales Hospital, Cardiff. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Br-J-Psychiatry. 1994 Nov; 165(5): 585-92 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-1250 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND. Psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics have extended our understanding of the abnormal communication seen in psychosis, as well as that of people with autism and Asperger's syndrome. Psycholinguistics has the potential to increase the explanatory power of cognitive and neuropsychological approaches to psychosis and new methods of assessment and therapy are now being developed, based on linguistic theory. METHOD. A MEDLINE literature search was used. RESULTS. Of 205 relevant articles identified, 65 were selected for review. CONCLUSIONS. Greater familiarity with linguistic theory could improve psychiatrists' assessment skills and their understanding of the relevance of human communication to the new cognitive models of psychosis. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Brain-Damage,-Chronic-diagnosis; Brain-Damage,-Chronic-psychology; Brain-Damage,-Chronic-rehabilitation; Communication-Disorders-psychology; Communication-Disorders-rehabilitation; Delirium,-Dementia,-Amnestic,-Cognitive-Disorders-psychology; Delirium,-Dementia,-Amnestic,-Cognitive-Disorders-rehabilitation; Neuropsychological-Tests; Psychotic-Disorders-psychology; Psychotic-Disorders-rehabilitation; Verbal-Behavior MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Communication-Disorders-diagnosis; *Delirium,-Dementia,-Amnestic,-Cognitive-Disorders-diagnosis; *Psycholinguistics-; *Psychotic-Disorders-diagnosis; *Schizophrenic-Language MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 95171035
Record 19 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Prevalence of Asperger's syndrome in a secure hospital [see comments] AUTHOR(S): Scragg-P; Shah-A
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychological Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Br-J-Psychiatry. 1994 Nov; 165(5): 679-82 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-1250 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND. The hypothesis that Asperger's syndrome (AS) may go unrecognised in forensic populations was examined by ascertaining the prevalence in Broadmoor Special Hospital. METHOD. The entire male patient population was screened by examination of case notes. Identified cases were subject to the next stage of the study, which involved observation and interviewing of patients, and a semi-structured interview of key staff. RESULTS. A prevalence of 1.5% (0.6% to 3.3%, 95% CI) was found. The addition of equivocal cases increased the prevalence to 2.3%. CONCLUSION. The prevalence of AS in Broadmoor Hospital is greater than that reported for the general population. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis; Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Cross-Sectional-Studies; England-epidemiology; Incidence-; Neuropsychological-Tests; Patient-Admission-statistics-and-numerical-data; Personality-Assessment; Security-Measures-legislation-and-jurisprudence; Syndrome-; Violence- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Antisocial-Personality-Disorder-epidemiology; *Autism,-Infantile-epidemiology; *Commitment-of-Mentally-Ill-legislation-and-jurisprudence MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 95171048
Record 20 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Face perception in children with autism and Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): Davies-S; Bishop-D; Manstead-AS; Tantam-D ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: University of Manchester, U.K. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1994 Sep; 35(6): 1033-57 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Children with diagnoses of either autism or Asperger's syndrome were matched on measures of verbal mental age with nonautistic control children. They were tested on their abilities to process both facial and nonfacial stimuli. There were no significant differences between the low ability autistic and control groups, but the high ability autistic and Asperger's children performed significantly worse than controls across all tests. Group averages masked substantial individual variation. The results are seen as indicating a general perceptual deficit that is not specific to faces or emotions. This appears to be a common correlate of autism and Asperger's syndrome, rather than a core symptom. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Aptitude-; Attention-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Child-; Discrimination-Learning; Intelligence-; Mental-Retardation-diagnosis; Mental-Retardation-psychology; Orientation-; Recall- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology; *Emotions-; *Facial-Expression; *Pattern-Recognition,-Visual MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 95088252
Record 21 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Looking for childhood-onset schizophrenia: the first 71 cases screened [see comments] AUTHOR(S): McKenna-K; Gordon-CT; Lenane-M; Kaysen-D; Fahey-K; Rapoport-JL ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1994 Jun; 33(5): 636-44 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To review psychiatric referrals to a study of childhood-onset schizophrenia. METHOD: Children and adolescents (N = 71) and their parents selected from a total of 260 patients referred to the National Institute of Mental Health between 1990 and 1993, with onset of psychosis at or before age 12 years, were screened in person, using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Epidemiologic Version, portions of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Parent Version, and clinical interview. Best-estimate diagnoses using all sources of information were determined. Thought disorder was rated on a subset of subjects using standardized videotaped speech samples. RESULTS: Interrater reliability (kappa) between two child psychiatrists for best-estimate primary diagnoses ranged from .65 to .81. Schizophrenia was diagnosed for 19 children who by history had had onset at or before age 12, but all were in puberty when int erviewed. Affect disorders (N = 14) and Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (N = 6) were also diagnosed. A large group of reliably identifiable children not completely described by any DSM-III-R category and provisionally called "multidimensionally impaired" (N = 21) with multiple language or learning disorders, mood lability, and transient psychotic symptoms was seen. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood-onset schizophrenia is often misdiagnosed, perhaps is often misdiagnosed, perhaps because of the rarity of the disorder and the ambiguity in applying primary criteria. An array of developmental disturbances are seen with less pervasive childhood-onset psychotic symptoms. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Child-; Comorbidity-; Diagnosis,-Differential; Observer-Variation; Personality-Assessment-statistics-and-numerical-data; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales-statistics-and-numerical-data; Psychometrics-; Referral-and-Consultation; Schizophrenia,-Childhood-epidemiology; Schizophrenia,-Childhood-psychology MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Patient-Care-Team; *Schizophrenia,-Childhood-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94334251
Record 22 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Susceptibility to social influence in adults with Asperger's syndrome: a research note. AUTHOR(S): Bowler-DM; Worley-K
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychology, City University, London, UK. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1994 May; 35(4): 689-97 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Asch's line judgement task was used to compare the susceptibility to social influence of adults with Asperger's syndrome with that of two groups of controls one of which was matched on verbal IQ. There was no overall difference between the three groups' mean rate of conformity but in contrast to both groups of controls, the subjects with Asperger's syndrome were significantly more likely to adopt a consistently conforming or nonconforming strategy. There were also significant differences between the groups in their interaction with the other participants. The implications of the findings are discussed in the context of current theories of autistic social dysfunction. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Intelligence-; Judgment-; Socialization- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology; *Pattern-Recognition,-Visual; *Size-Perception; *Social-Conformity MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94314847
Record 23 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: [Asperger syndrome. A new diagnosis in the international classification of diseases] AUTHOR(S): Hjort-C
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Ugeskr-Laeger. 1994 May 2; 156(18): 2729-34 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0041-5782 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: DANISH; NON-ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Asperger's syndrome (AS) is a new diagnosis in the 10th edition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). AS is closely related to infantile autism and belongs to the so-called pervasive developmental disorders. The characteristics of the disorder are qualitative abnormalities in reciprocal social interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests and often motor clumsiness and problems with nonverbal and social aspects of communication. The sex ratio is about eight boys to one girl and the prevalence among schoolage boys is about 0.3%. The abnormalities normally persist into adulthood. Early diagnosis and a combination of social, educational and psychiatric interventions are necessary to relieve the stress on the person with AS and his family. Differential diagnoses and assessment are discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Child-; Classification-; Diagnosis,-Differential; English-Abstract; Nomenclature-; Prognosis-; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-classification MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94279011
Record 24 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Corticocallosal anomalies in Asperger's syndrome [letter; comment] AUTHOR(S): Berthier-ML
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): AJR-Am-J-Roentgenol. 1994 Jan; 162(1): 236-7 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0361-803X LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Retrospective-Studies MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-pathology; *Cerebral-Cortex-pathology; *Corpus-Callosum-pathology; *Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94099235
Record 25 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: [Asperger's syndrome]
AUTHOR(S): Rasmussen-M; Sponheim-E
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Berg Gard Sentralinstitutt for Habilitering, Oslo. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Tidsskr-Nor-Laegeforen. 1993 Sep 20; 113(22): 2807-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0029-2001 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: NORWEGIAN; NON-ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the revised diagnostic systems ICD-10 and DSM-IV Asperger's syndrome is listed as a subgroup under Pervasive developmental disorders. It has been argued that persons with this syndrome have similar characteristics as high functioning autists. The knowledge now available about autism is useful for understanding Asperger's syndrome, also when it comes to treatment strategies. The authors discuss differential diagnoses and assessment programmes. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Autism,-Infantile-etiology; Autism,-Infantile-therapy; Child-; Developmental-Disabilities-diagnosis; Developmental-Disabilities-etiology; Developmental-Disabilities-therapy; Diagnosis,-Differential; English-Abstract; Mental-Retardation-diagnosis; Mental-Retardation-etiology; Mental-Retardation-therapy; Prognosis-; Psychomotor-Disorders-diagnosis; Psychomotor-Disorders-etiology; Psychomotor-Disorders-therapy; Social-Behavior; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile; *Developmental-Disabilities; *Mental-Retardation MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94024789
Record 26 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Clinical and research implications of the co-occurrence of Asperger's and Tourette syndromes. AUTHOR(S): Marriage-K; Miles-T; Stokes-D; Davey-M ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Child, Adolescent and Family Psychiatry, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Aust-N-Z-J-Psychiatry. 1993 Dec; 27(4): 666-72 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0004-8674 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Recent advances in the understanding of Tourette Syndrome and Asperger's Syndrome are reviewed. Reports of the co-occurrence of these two uncommon neuropsychological disorders pose a number of questions, the answers to which are likely to have implications for other conditions at the interface of psychiatry and neurology. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-genetics; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Comorbidity-; Neuropsychological-Tests; Phenotype-; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales; Risk-Factors; Tourette-Syndrome-genetics; Tourette-Syndrome-psychology MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Tourette-Syndrome-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 94183104
Record 27 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: [Asperger's syndrome--a separate nosologic entity or part of the spectrum of autism] AUTHOR(S): Bujas-Petkovic-Z
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Centar za autizam u Zagrebu. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Lijec-Vjesn. 1993 Jan-Feb; 115(1-2): 60-2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0024-3477 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: SERBO-CROATIAN-ROMAN; NON-ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This paper describes Asperger's syndrome, a disease similar to the autistic disorder, delineated for the first time by Asperger in 1944, just a few months after L. Kanner described infantile autism. Although, according to the epidemiological data, it occurs far more frequently than infantile autism, in practice this diagnosis is rarely established. Asperger's syndrome is defined as autistic syndrome among children with relatively high degree of intellectual functions, with marked disorder of speech and motoricity and interest confined to a very specified area. Learning is mechanical and routine and games uninventive. Children lack the need for age peer company. Boys are affected ten times more frequently than girls. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Child-; English-Abstract; Prognosis- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile
MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93390230
Record 28 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with concurrent Tourette's disorder and Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): Berthier-ML; Bayes-A; Tolosa-ES ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic and Provincial, Barcelona, Spain. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1993 May; 32(3): 633-9 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine behavioral/cognitive and neuroradiological features of patients with concurrent Tourette's disorder (TD) and Asperger's syndrome (AS). METHODS: The authors studied the occurrence of structural brain abnormalities using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in seven males with concurrent TD and AS, and in nine age-matched males, who had TD but did not have AS. Both groups were tested with an extensive battery of neurological and psychiatric rating scales and cognitive tests. RESULTS: Five of the seven patients with TD and AS had developmental brain anomalies. In contrast, normal MRI scans were found in all but one TD patient without AS. Both groups were not significantly different in the severity of motor and phonic tics, obsessionality, depression and anxiety, or in measures of general intelligence, memory, and language function; but patients with TD and AS had a history of more psychiatric hospitalizations, poor academi!!
c achievement, more neurological soft signs and appeared more impaired on complex problem-solving and spatial tests than did TD patients without AS. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that structural cortical and subcortical abnormalities are more common among individuals with concurrent TD and AS than among sex- and age-matched TD patients without AS. Dysfunction of frontal-subcortical systems may play a role in the pathophysiology of concurrent TD and AS. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Language-Disorders-diagnosis; Mental-Disorders-diagnosis; Neurologic-Examination; Problem-Solving; Psychological-Tests MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; *Tourette-Syndrome-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93266491
Record 29 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Possible Asperger's syndrome in a mentally handicapped transvestite offender. AUTHOR(S): Cooper-SA; Mohamed-WN; Collacott-RA ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Mental Illness Unit, Leicester General Hospital, England. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Intellect-Disabil-Res. 1993 Apr; 37 ( Pt 2): 189-94 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0964-2633 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: A 38-year-old man with a moderate mental handicap and Asperger's syndrome is described. His transvestism and history of offending behaviour is interpreted in the light of this. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Interpersonal-Relations; Mental-Retardation-complications; Sex-Behavior MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Mental-Retardation-psychology; *Syndrome-; *Transvestism-complications MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93244561
Record 30 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome: three cases and a discussion. AUTHOR(S): Simblett-GJ; Wilson-DN
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Mental Handicap, University of Nottingham, England. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Intellect-Disabil-Res. 1993 Feb; 37 ( Pt 1): 85-94 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0964-2633 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: The recently revived academic interest in and controversy over the subject of Asperger's syndrome is briefly discussed. Gillberg & Gillberg's operational criteria for its definition are used to isolate three cases of the syndrome presenting over a single year to a mental handicap service. The cases are described in detail. Common themes and associations with the available literature are discussed. In all three cases, the struggle for clarity in the syndrome's nature or specificity in the literature is also reflected in aspects of their clinical management. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Behavior-Therapy; Interpersonal-Relations; Mental-Retardation-diagnosis; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales; Social-Behavior-Disorders-therapy; Socialization- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Mental-Retardation-psychology; *Social-Behavior-Disorders-etiology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93214267
Record 31 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Severe psychiatric disturbance and abnormalities of the corpus callosum: review and case series [see comments] AUTHOR(S): David-AS; Wacharasindhu-A; Lishman-WA ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Neurol-Neurosurg-Psychiatry. 1993 Jan; 56(1): 85-93 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-3050 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: The association between developmental defects of the corpus callosum and major psychiatric disturbance is discussed with a review of published cases. Seven new cases are presented, of which four had clear psychotic symptoms, two receiving a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Of the remainder, one had a developmental disorder affecting social interaction and speech which could be classed as Asperger's syndrome, one had a personality disorder with depressive and conversion symptoms, and the last was an adolescent boy with severe behavioural problems. The difficulties in determining the precise relevance of the callosal anomalies to these clinical manifestations are discussed especially since the prevalence of such anomalies in the population is uncertain. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Brain-pathology; Brain-physiopathology; Brain-radiography; Epilepsy-etiology; Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging; Mental-Disorders-etiology; Mental-Disorders-physiopathology; Middle-Age; Neuropsychological-Tests; Schizophrenia-etiology; Tomography,-X-Ray-Computed MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Corpus-Callosum-abnormalities; *Mental-Disorders-diagnosis; *Schizophrenia-physiopathology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93155688
Record 32 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Recurrent hypersomnia in two adolescent males with Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): Berthier-ML; Santamaria-J; Encabo-H; Tolosa-ES ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Neurology Service, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1992 Jul; 31(4): 735-8 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Two individuals with Asperger's syndrome, a rare pervasive developmental disorder, developed recurrent episodes of hypersomnia and abnormal behavior (Kleine-Levin syndrome) during adolescence. The possible etiological role of developmental structural brain anomalies and the differential diagnosis of recurrent hypersomnia and abnormal behavior in patients with pervasive developmental disorders are discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Delirium,-Dementia,-Amnestic,-Cognitive-Disorders-diagnosis; Delirium,-Dementia,-Amnestic,-Cognitive-Disorders-psychology; Hypersomnia-diagnosis; Neurologic-Examination; Recurrence-; Sleep-Stages MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology; *Hypersomnia-psychology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 92355480
Record 33 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: "Theory of mind" in Asperger's syndrome. AUTHOR(S): Bowler-DM
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Social Sciences, City University, London, U.K. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1992 Jul; 33(5): 877-93 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Two studies are reported in which the ability of people with Asperger's syndrome to understand problems of the type "Peter thinks that Jane thinks that ..." tested. The results showed that in contrast to younger or more handicapped autistic individuals, Asperger subjects were able to solve problems of the type just outlined, i.e. that they possessed a second-order theory of mind. When asked to explain their solutions however, they typically did not use mental state terms but did not differ in this respect either from non-handicapped or socially impaired, chronic schizophrenic controls. The implications of the results for current cognitive theories of autistic impairment are discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Age-Factors; Child,-Preschool; Developmental-Disabilities-psychology; Infant-; Schizophrenic-Psychology; Social-Behavior; Social-Behavior-Disorders-psychology; Social-Perception MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology; *Cognition-; *Models,-Psychological MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 92340628
Record 34 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Neglect of Asperger's syndrome [letter] AUTHOR(S): Szabo-CP; Aber-D
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Am-Acad-Child-Adolesc-Psychiatry. 1992 Nov; 31(6): 1171 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0890-8567 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-classification; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-classification; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-psychology; Diagnosis,-Differential; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-diagnosis; *Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93054312
Record 35 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Treatment-resistant chronic mental illness: is it Asperger's syndrome? AUTHOR(S): Ryan-RM
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Denver 80262. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Hosp-Community-Psychiatry. 1992 Aug; 43(8): 807-11 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0022-1597 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: In some cases of treatment-resistant chronic mental illness, it may be useful to reconsider the primary diagnosis. Patients with Asperger's syndrome, a rare pervasive developmental disorder, have characteristics such as eccentricities, emotional lability, anxiety, poor social functioning, repetitive behavior, and fixed habits that can mimic symptoms of other illnesses, including schizophrenia spectrum illness, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Their disorganizing anxiety in response to stress, which may be accompanied by increased oddness of speech, can easily be misinterpreted as psychosis. The author describes features of Asperger's syndrome, discusses differential diagnosis, and presents care examples. A habilitative treatment plan that concentrates on modifying the patient's eccentricities into strengths and carefully tailors the work and living situation may be effective with some patients. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adult-; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-rehabilitation; Chronic-Disease; Combined-Modality-Therapy; Depressive-Disorder-diagnosis; Depressive-Disorder-psychology; Depressive-Disorder-rehabilitation; Diagnosis,-Differential; Mental-Disorders-psychology; Mental-Disorders-rehabilitation; Middle-Age; Object-Attachment; Personality-Development; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales; Psychotic-Disorders-diagnosis; Psychotic-Disorders-psychology; Psychotic-Disorders-rehabilitation; Schizophrenia-diagnosis; Schizophrenia-rehabilitation; Schizophrenic-Psychology; Social-Isolation MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Mental-Disorders-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 93052107
Record 36 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Is autism more common now than ten years ago? AUTHOR(S): Gillberg-C; Steffenburg-S; Schaumann-H ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Child Neuropsychiatry Centre, Goteborg, Sweden. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Br-J-Psychiatry. 1991 Mar; 158: 403-9 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-1250 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: A total population study of children, aged 13 years and under, suggested that there has been an apparent rise in the frequency of autistic disorder and autistic-like conditions (excluding Asperger's syndrome) in one area of western Sweden over the last ten years. The frequency was 4.0/100,000 in 1980, 7.5/10,000 in 1984 and 11.6/10,000 in 1988 in the city of Goteborg. Even though the prevalence rates refer to slightly different age cohorts, it was concluded that the apparent increase is in part due to better detection, but also to new cases born to immigrant parents. Typical cases of autistic disorder accounted for 75% of cases, and 20% had normal or near-normal IQs. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Cross-Sectional-Studies; Disabled-Persons-statistics-and-numerical-data; Incidence-; Infant-; Social-Class; Sweden-epidemiology; Urban-Population MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-epidemiology MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 91242961
Record 37 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome: evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. AUTHOR(S): Ozonoff-S; Rogers-SJ; Pennington-BF ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: University of Denver, Colorado. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1991 Nov; 32(7): 1107-22 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: This study compared the neuropsychological profiles of individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger's syndrome (AS). In comparison with matched controls, both groups were impaired on executive function tests. Only the HFA group demonstrated deficits in theory of mind and verbal memory, performing more poorly than both controls and AS subjects. These results suggest that: (1) HFA and AS are empirically distinguishable on measures independent of diagnostic criteria, and (2) impairment on theory of mind measures is not universally found among individuals with autistic spectrum conditions. The primacy of executive function and theory of mind deficits to autism is discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Child-; Child,-Preschool; Diagnosis,-Differential; Intelligence-Tests; Interpersonal-Relations; Memory-; Models,-Psychological; Neuropsychological-Tests; Problem-Solving MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Psychological-Tests MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 92156198
Record 38 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: 'Schizoid' personality in childhood and adult life. I: The vagaries of diagnostic labelling. AUTHOR(S): Wolff-S
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: University of Edinburgh Department of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Br-J-Psychiatry. 1991 Nov; 159: 615-20, 634-5 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0007-1250 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: The literature is reviewed on children variously described as having 'schizoid' personality disorders, Asperger's syndrome, and schizotypal personality disorders, with the aim of clarifying the nature of these clinical syndromes, and in particular the features of those children whose follow-up characteristics are described in the following two papers. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Adult-; Child-; Follow-Up-Studies; Psychiatric-Status-Rating-Scales; Schizoid-Personality-Disorder-psychology MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Personality-Development; *Schizoid-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis; *Social-Adjustment MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 92096782
Record 39 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: The use of intonation to communicate in pervasive developmental disorders. AUTHOR(S): Fine-J; Bartolucci-G; Ginsberg-G; Szatmari-P ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of English, Bar Ilan University, Israel. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): J-Child-Psychol-Psychiatry. 1991 Jul; 32(5): 771-82 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0021-9630 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper was to employ a functional linguistic approach to explore pragmatic failure in the spontaneous speech of subjects with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). Patterns of intonation use were compared among subjects with Asperger's syndrome (AS), high-functioning autism (HFA), and psychiatric out-patient controls (OPC) with a variety of non-specific social problems. Written transcripts and audio-recordings were used to measure rates of various intonation types relative to the amount of speech produced. The major finding of the study was that the HFA subjects less often tend to employ useful patterns of intonation for communication than the AS or OPC groups. This suggests that HFA either send random intonation signals to hearers or else demonstrate systematic misuse of the linguistic system. AS subjects differed little from the controls. The implications of these results for understanding the communicative failure of PDD subjects is discus sed.
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Adolescence-; Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; Child-; Language-Development-Disorders-diagnosis; Language-Tests; Phonetics-; Semantics- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-psychology; *Communication-; *Language-Development-Disorders-psychology; *Verbal-Behavior; *Voice-Quality MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 92012041
Record 40 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome: who is being abused? AUTHOR(S): Perkins-M; Wolkind-SN
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Arch-Dis-Child. 1991 Jun; 66(6): 693-5 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0003-9888 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Six case histories of children referred and admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit at a tertiary referral centre because of concerns about poor functioning and possible emotional abuse are presented. On initial assessment the children appeared to be well functioning and the impression was confirmed that their emotional needs were not being met by their parents. After detailed inpatient appraisal the diagnosis of Asperger's syndrome was made in all six cases, exemplified mainly by a formal concrete way of thinking and an inability to identify and understand human emotions and relationships. The impact of the diagnosis on the parents and their consequent relationships with their child and their willingness to work with professionals is discussed. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Affective-Symptoms-psychology; Autism-etiology; Child-; Child-Abuse-complications; Child-Abuse-psychology; Family-; Language-Development-Disorders-etiology; Parent-Child-Relations; Social-Behavior-Disorders-etiology; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism-psychology; *Child-Abuse MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 91273406
Record 41 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome: diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. AUTHOR(S): Szatmari-P
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Psychiatr-Clin-North-Am. 1991 Mar; 14(1): 81-93 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0193-953X LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Should Asperger's syndrome be distinguished as a separate clinical entity? Unfortunately, relatively little empiric information is available on this issue. The data suggest, however, that even compared to high-functioning autistic children of equivalent IQ, Asperger's syndrome children have better social and language skills. Anecdotal evidence also suggests that they have a different outcome, although this needs to be confirmed in proper, controlled follow-up studies. Although some differences in etiology between autism and Asperger's syndrome have been identified, these are of uncertain clinical significance. It may be that, for purposes of recognition and research, Asperger's syndrome should be considered a separate entity. This ensures that such children are identified for treatment and included in research protocols. This, in itself, would be of considerable benefit, even if it is acknowledged that Asperger's syndrome and autism probably represent different endp oints of a similar pathogenic mechanism. Asperger's syndrome represents a type of developmental disability that profoundly limits a child's participation in the process of growing up. After all, childhood is a time of play and of learning how to communicate with others. As clinicians, we need to understand these limitations and not put up artificial barriers to appropriate diagnostic and treatment services. It is hoped that the growing recognition of the predicament of these children will stimulate greater interest in research and treatment. Not only will children with Asperger's syndrome benefit from this, but, by extension, so will all children with developmental disabilities. MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Autism,-Infantile-psychology; Autism,-Infantile-therapy; Child-; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-psychology; Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-therapy; Follow-Up-Studies; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Child-Development-Disorders,-Pervasive-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 91261704
Record 42 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Is Asperger's syndrome a useful diagnosis? [see comments] AUTHOR(S): Cox-AD
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: United Medical School of Guy's Hospital, London. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Arch-Dis-Child. 1991 Feb; 66(2): 259-62 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0003-9888 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Child,-Preschool; Fragile-X-Syndrome-complications; Language-Development-Disorders-etiology; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 91158342
Record 43 of 43 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1991 - 1995
TITLE: Asperger's syndrome [comment]
AUTHOR(S): Wolff-S
ADDRESS OF AUTHOR: University Department of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital. SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Arch-Dis-Child. 1991 Feb; 66(2): 178-9 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0003-9888 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
MINOR MESH HEADINGS: Child-; Intelligence-; Language-Development-Disorders-etiology; Syndrome- MAJOR MeSH HEADINGS: *Autism,-Infantile-diagnosis; *Schizotypal-Personality-Disorder-diagnosis MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 91158319