TITLE: [The value of images in diagnosis of neuron migration disorders] AUTHOR(S): Pascual-Castroviejo-I; Viano-J; Roche-C; Martinez-Bermejo-A; Martinez-Fernandez-V; Arcas-J; Pascual-Pascual-SI; Lopez-Martin-V; Tendero-A; Fernandez-Jaen-A; Quijano-S SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Rev-Neurol. 1998 Aug; 27(156): 246-58 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0210-0010 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: SPANISH; NON-ENGLISH ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To present the fitest classification and the imaging peculiarities of the malformations of cortical development, most of which have been related with the epilepsy origin. METHODS: The study is based on an anatomical-histological classification scheme that shows three great groups of malformations of cortical development: 1. Malformations due to abnormal neuronal and glial proliferation. 2. Malformations due to abnormal neuronal migration. 3. Malformations due to abnormal cortical organization. RESULTS: The result of these abnormalities of the cortical development is the presence of several anatomical histological entities, actually perfectly identified by the magnetic resonance (MR), especially with the new high resolution methods. The most frequent entities, such as polymicrogyria, lissencephaly, pachygyria, schizencephaly, cerebral heterotopia (cortical, subcortical or subependymal), and other rarer types are reviewed according with the numerous references of the literature and the findings observed in the cases of our series of about one hundred patients which includes cases of every type of malformation. CONCLUSION: MR is a conclusive study in order to identify and classify the malformations of cortical development, most of which are associated with neurological disturbances: epilepsy, mental retardation, language and/or behavioral problems or motor dysfunction. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98408162
Record 2 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: Intermittent rhythmic delta activity (IRDA) in a patient with band heterotopia. AUTHOR(S): Nakano-M; Abe-K; Ono-J; Yanagihara-T SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Clin-Electroencephalogr. 1998 Jul; 29(3): 138-41 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0009-9155 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: We report a patient with band heterotopia whose electroencephalogram (EEG) showed typical morphological features of intermittent rhythmic delta activity (IRDA). This 18-year-old woman had complex partial seizures. Neuropsychometry revealed mental dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilaterally symmetrical layer of heterotopic gray matter in deep white matter over the frontal, parietal and occipital regions. This case is the first report of IRDA detected in band heterotopia. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98324236
Record 3 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: Neuronal migration disorders: heterotopic neocortical neurons in CA1 provide a bridge between the hippocampus and the neocortex. AUTHOR(S): Chevassus-Au-Louis-N; Congar-P; Represa-A; Ben-Ari-Y; Gaiarsa-JL SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Proc-Natl-Acad-Sci-U-S-A. 1998 Aug 18; 95(17): 10263-8 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0027-8424 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Neuronal migration disorders have been involved in various pathologies, including epilepsy, but the properties of the neural networks underlying disorders have not been determined. In the present study, patch clamp recordings were made from intrahippocampal heterotopic as well as from neocortical and hippocampal neurons from brain slices of rats with prenatally methylazoxymethanol-induced cortical malformation. We report that heterotopic neurons have morphometrical parameters and cellular properties of neocortical supragranular neurons and are integrated in both neocortical and hippocampal networks. Thus, stimulation of the white matter induces both antidromic and orthodromic response in heterotopic and neocortical neurons. Stimulation of hippocampal afferents evokes a monosynaptic response in the majority of heterotopic neurons and a polysynaptic all-or-none epileptiform burst in the presence of bicuculline to block gamma-aminobutyric acid type A inhibition. Furthermore, hippocampal paroxysmal activity generated by bath application of bicuculline can spread directly to the neocortex via the heterotopia in methylazoxymethanol-treated but not in naive rats. We conclude that heterotopias form a functional bridge between the limbic system and the neocortex, providing a substrate for pathological conditions. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98374340
Record 4 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: A case of depressive disorder with neuronal heterotopia. AUTHOR(S): Maruyama-Y; Onishi-H; Miura-T; Kosaka-K SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Psychiatry-Clin-Neurosci. 1998 Jun; 52(3): 361-2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 1323-1316 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: We describe a case of depressive disorder with neuronal heterotopia. The patient, a 55-year-old woman, had a history of depressive episodes since the age of 53. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed bilateral periventricular heterotopia. The patient had not experienced any epileptic episodes, and an electroencephalogram did not reveal any epileptic discharge. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) disclosed diffuse cerebral hypoperfusion. This is the first report on a case of depression with neural migration disorder. Patients with neural migration disorders can be detected more frequently with the increasing use of MRI. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98344916
Record 5 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: Bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia with mental retardation and frontonasal malformation. AUTHOR(S): Guerrini-R; Dobyns-WB
SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Neurology. 1998 Aug; 51(2): 499-503 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0028-3878 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia (BPNH) is a recently recognized malformation of neuronal migration in which nodular masses of gray matter line the walls of the lateral ventricles. Most affected individuals are females with epilepsy and normal intelligence, but no other congenital anomalies. Studies in families with multiple affected individuals, always all females, have mapped one BPNH gene to chromosome Xq28. Several other BPNH syndromes associated with mental retardation and epilepsy but without significant dysmorphic facial features have been observed in males only, which may also be X-linked. This report describes a new syndrome with BPNH. METHODS: Clinical and MRI study and cognitive testing of two unrelated boys, aged 8 and 5.5 years, and review of the enlarging spectrum of syndromes associated with BPNH. RESULTS: Similarities between the two boys are sufficient to delineate a new multiple congenital anomaly-mental retardation syndrome that consists of BPNH, regional cortical dysplasia, mild mental retardation, and frontonasal malformation. CONCLUSIONS: The cause of this unusual syndrome is unknown; based on linkage of other BPNH syndromes to chromosome Xq28 and the report of possible X-linked inheritance of frontonasal malformation, we suspect the cause is genetic, with possible X-linked inheritance. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98373799
Record 6 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: Human doublecortin (DCX) and the homologous gene in mouse encode a putative Ca2+-dependent signaling protein which is mutated in human X-linked neuronal migration defects. AUTHOR(S): Sossey-Alaoui-K; Hartung-AJ; Guerrini-R; Manchester-DK; Posar-A; Puche-Mira-A; Andermann-E; Dobyns-WB; Srivastava-AK SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Hum-Mol-Genet. 1998 Aug; 7(8): 1327-32 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0964-6906 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: Subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) and classical lissencephaly (LIS) result from deficient neuronal migration which causes mental retardation and epilepsy. A single LIS/SBH locus on Xq22.3-q24 was mapped by linkage analysis and physical mapping of the breakpoint in an X;2 translocation. A recently identified gene, doublecortin ( DCX ), is expressed in fetal brain and mutated in LIS/SBH patients. We have identified four novel missense mutations in the gene, one familial mutation with LIS in a male and SBH in the carrier females, one de novo mutation in an SBH female, and two mutations in sporadic SBH female patients. The DCX gene is found to be expressed exclusively at a very high level in the adult frontal lobe. We have also cloned the X-linked mouse doublecortin (Dcx) gene. It encodes isoforms of a highly hydrophilic 40 kDa protein, homologous to its human counterpart and containing several potential phosphorylation sites. Both human and mouse DCX proteins are homologous to a CNS protein containing a Ca2+/calmodulin kinase domain, suggesting that the DCX protein may belong to a novel class of intracellular proteins involved in neuronal migration through Ca2+-dependent signaling. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98334553
Record 7 of 7 in MEDLINE EXPRESS (R) 1998/11-1998/12
TITLE: Histologic types and surveillance of gastric polyps: a seven year clinico-pathological study. AUTHOR(S): Papa-A; Cammarota-G; Tursi-A; Montalto-M; Cuoco-L; Certo-M; Fedeli-G; Gasbarrini-G SOURCE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION): Hepatogastroenterology. 1998 Mar-Apr; 45(20): 579-82 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER: 0172-6390 LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE: ENGLISH
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND/AIMS: This is a seven-year prospective study based on all gastroscopic examinations of our patient population in order to study gastric polyps. METHODOLOGY: One hundred and twenty-one polyps, removed from 96 patients were analysed. All polyps, after endoscopic polypectomy, were classified according to their histotype. The follow-up was carried out in 49 patients for a mean time of 40 months. RESULTS: Polypoid lesions were more frequent in females (57.3%) and they were preferentially located in antrum (60.3%). Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps were 55.4% and 28.9%, respectively, while adenomatous lesions were 9.9%. Four fundic gland polyps, 1 carcinoid, 1 type I early gastric cancer and 1 pancreatic heterotopia were also found. During the follow-up no malignant lesion was encountered. On the other hand 25 benign polyps were found in 19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience confirms that there is a close relationship between the size of the polyps and the neoplastic change. In fact, in our series all polyps were smaller than 2 cm and only one malignancy was found (an early gastric cancer). None of adenomatous polyps was associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. Our data also indicates that when a polypectomy is carried out for small polyps (smaller than 2 cm.) a strict follow-up is necessary for the neoplastic polyps only. MEDLINE ACCESSION NUMBER: 98302311