Effects of Talker, Rate and Amplitude Variation on Recognition Memory for Spoken Words

Author: Ann R. Bradlow, Lynne C. Nygaard, and David B. Pisoni

Abstract:
This study investigated the encoding of spoken words using a continuous recognition memory task. In Experiment 1, subjects judged whether each word in a list of spoken words was "old" (had occurred previously in the list) or "new." Subjects were more accurate at recognizing a word as "old" if it was repeated in the same voice, and at the same speaking rate; however, there was no recognition advantage for words repeated at the same overall amplitude. In Experiment 2, if subjects judged a word as "old" they were then required to provide an additional explicit judgment as to whether it was repeated in the same voice, rate, or amplitude. Subjects again showed an advantage in recognition memory for words repeated in the same voice and same speaking rate, but no advantage occurred for the amplitude condition. However, in all three conditions, subjects were able to detect whether an "old" word was repeated in the same voice, rate or amplitude. These data suggest that information about all three properties of spoken words is encoded and retained in memory and can be used in recognition tasks requiring explicit judgments.